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America and the Great War

1914. 1927. America and the Great War. MAIN THEMES How official American wartime neutrality was something less than actual neutrality and eventually led to full American participation in the war.

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America and the Great War

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  1. 1914 1927 America and the Great War

  2. MAIN THEMES • How official American wartime neutrality was something less than actual neutrality and eventually led to full American participation in the war. • That the American intervention on land and sea provided the balance of victory for the Allies. • How the Wilson administration financed the war, managed the economy, and encouraged public support for the war effort while raising the expectations for the post-war period. • How President Wilson tried to apply his personal and political idealism and morality to the realities of world politics and how he largely failed. • How the American war effort affected the American home front not only during, but immediately after, World War I.

  3. World War I • Timeline • 1914 • June 28 - Archduke Franz Ferdinand assassinated in Sarajevo. • August 1 - Germany declares war on Russia. • August 4 - Germany invades neutral Belgium. • August 26-30 - Battle of Tannenberg • September 5-10 - First Battle of the Marne.

  4. 1915 • May 7 - Lusitania sunk. • August 30 - Responding to American demands, • Germany stops sinking ships without warning. • 1916 • February 21-December 18 - Battle of Verdun. • July 1-November 18 - Battle of the Somme. • November 7 - Woodrow Wilson re-elected.

  5. The Road to War • Preparedness Versus Pacifism • Wilson’s Neutrality

  6. Western Front

  7. 1917 • February 1 - Unrestricted submarine warfare declared by Germany, again. • March-September - Russia collapses. • April 6 - United States declares war on Germany. • December 3 - German-Russian armistice. • 1918 • January 8 - President Wilson presents 14-point plan. • March-June - Ludendorff Offensive. • August 8 - Allied counter-offensives on the Somme. • September 29 - Allies break through the Hindenberg Line. • September-November - Battle of Meuse-Argonne. • October 28 - German sailors mutiny. • November 10 - German republic founded. • November 11 - Armistice signed. • 1919 • June 28 - Treaty of Versailles signed.

  8. The New Technology of Warfare -Machine Gun -Air / Bombing of Cities -Gas -Tanks

  9. AMERICAN WAR DEATHS

  10. The Influenza Pandemic of 1918 The influenza pandemic of 1918-1919 killed more people than the war, somewhere between 20 and 40 million people.

  11. America and the Great War • The End of Empires • The Fourteen Points • Adjusting boundaries • Principles of international conduct • League of Nations • The Paris Peace Conference • Idealism Vs. Self-Interest • Threat of Communism • Maintenance of League of Nations • The Ratification Battle

  12. Labor Union Growth

  13. America and the Great War • A Society in Turmoil • The Demands of African Americans True Sons of Freedom (Library of Congress)

  14. America and the Great War • A Society in Turmoil • The Red Scare • A. Mitchell Palmer • Sacco and Vanzetti • The Retreat from Idealism

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