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Unit 3 Grammar workshop The use of QUANTIFIERS. Quantifiers are words that are used to state quantity or amount of something without stating the exact number. Quantifiers answer the questions "How many?" and "How much?“
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Quantifiers are words that are used to state quantity or amount of something without stating the exact number
Quantifiers answer the questions "How many?" and "How much?“ We use quantifiers with plural countable nouns and uncountable nouns
Quantifiers must agree with the noun. There are 3 main types of quantifiers: Quantifiers that are used with countable nouns quantifiers that are used with uncountable nouns quantifiers that are used with either Countable nouns or uncountable nouns
Countable Nouns manyI don't have many apples. few* We know few people in the area. I would like to get to know more. a few**We know a few people in the area. I know enough people to keep me happy.
Uncountable Nouns MuchI don't have much money. little* I know little English. I am going to have a problem to get a job. a little**I know a little English, at least enough to get a job in a hotel.
*few/little - means that there is not enough of something. ** a few/a little - means that there is not a lot of something, but there is enough.
Fewand little describe the quantity in a negativeway: Few people visited him in hospital (= he had almost no visitors) He had little money (= almost no money)
A few (for countable nouns) and a little (for uncountable nouns) describe the quantity in a positive way: "I've got a fewfriends" (= maybe not many, but enough) "I've got a littlemoney" (= I've got enough to live on)
WithCountable and Uncountable Nouns Enough I have enough money. We have enough cookies. Plenty I have plenty of money. We have plenty of cookies A lot of I have a lot of money. We have a lot of cookies. Lots of I have lots of money. We have lots of cookies. Some I have some money. We have some cookies. Any I don’t have any money.
Enough is placed before the noun, to indicate the quantity required or necessary:“There is enough bread for lunch.”“We didn't have enough time to visit London Bridge.” “Is there enough milk for breakfast?”“She has enough talent to become an international singing star.”
Graded Quantifiers They are like comparatives and hold a relative position on a scale of increase or decrease.INCREASE (0% to 100%)With plural countable nouns many more mostWith uncountable nouns much more most
· There are many people in Uruguay, more in Brazil, but the most people live in China. Much time and money is spent on education, more on health services but the most is spent on national defense.
DECREASE (100% to 0%) With plural countable nouns few fewer fewest With uncountable nouns little less least
· Few rivers in the world aren’t polluted. Fewerpeople die young now than in the nineteenth century. The country with the fewest people per square kilometer must be Australia. Scientists have littlehope of finding a complete cure for cancer before 2020. She hadless time to study than I did but had better results. Give that dog the least opportunity and it will bite you.