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SAFETY OBJECTIVE

SAFETY OBJECTIVE. Without reference, identify basic facts about hospital safety practices pertaining to biological, chemical and fire hazards with at least 70 percent accuracy. FIRE SAFETY. Fire Behavior Fire Triangle Items required to Support combustion Fuel Oxygen Heat

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SAFETY OBJECTIVE

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  1. SAFETY OBJECTIVE Without reference, identify basic facts about hospital safety practices pertaining to biological, chemical and fire hazards with at least 70 percent accuracy.

  2. FIRE SAFETY • Fire Behavior • Fire Triangle • Items required to Support combustion • Fuel • Oxygen • Heat • Remove any one item and the fire goes out

  3. FIRE SAFETY • Fire Types • Type A • Flammable solids • Type B • Flammable liquids • Type C • Energized electronics • Type D • Flammable metals

  4. FIRE SAFETY • Types of Fire Extinguishers • Water • Known as APW (Air Pressurized Water) extinguishers • Used on type “A” fires only • Carbon Dioxide • Filled with carbon dioxide gas • Used for class B and C fires only

  5. FIRE SAFETY • Dry Chemical • Usually designed for class ABC fires • Also called ABC extinguishers • Most common type

  6. CHEMICAL SAFETY • Chemical forms and exposure hazards • All chemicals exist in 3 basic forms: • Solid - dust and fumes • Liquid - vapors and mist • Gas

  7. CHEMICAL SAFETY • Hazards • Physical - cause explosion, fires, violent chemical reactions or other hazardous situations • Health - cause illness or injury when inhaled or swallowed, or contact with the eyes or skin • Exposure routes • Breathing/inhalation • Skin/eye contact • Skin absorption • Swallowing/ingestion

  8. CHEMICAL SAFETY • Degree of hazard depends upon: • Toxicity of the chemical - low, medium, high • Exposure route - more toxic by one route than another • Dosage - how much, long, often for exposures • Individual differences • Work practices • Age and size • General physical and emotional health • Allergies and sensitivities • Level of exertion

  9. CHEMICAL SAFETY • Types of physical and health hazards • Physical Hazards • Compressed gases • Explosives • Fire hazards • Pyrophorics- ignite in air below 130° F • Flammable liquids - ignite below 100° F • Combustible liquids - ignite between 100-200° F • Oxidizers - supply the O2 required to start or support a fire

  10. CHEMICAL SAFETY • Unstable/reactive chemicals • Decomposition hazards - easily break up into simpler substances • Polymerization hazards – self react, causing heat • Water reactive - react violently with water • Health Hazards • Irritants - cause redness/itching • Corrosives- eat away flesh • Cryogenics - freeze tissue

  11. CHEMICAL SAFETY • Organ/system specific • Reproductive hazards • Mutagens - damage genes in egg or sperm cells • Teratogens - damage fetus during development • Sensitizers - cause allergic-like responses • Carcinogen - cause cancer

  12. CHEMICAL SAFETY • Controlling Chemical Hazards • Engineering Controls • Substitution - steam instead of solvent • Isolation • General ventilation • Local exhaust ventilation • Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) • Protective gloves and clothing • Eye and face protection • Air purifying respirators • Air supplied respirators

  13. CHEMICAL SAFETY • Administrative Controls • Documentation, information, training • Work practices • Housekeeping • Monitoring - check effectiveness of other controls

  14. CHEMICAL SAFETY • Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) • Must contain • Name, address, phone number of company • Name of chemical material as it appears on the warning label • Health hazards of the chemical including signs and symptoms of exposure • precautions for safe handling and use • Any applicable control measures

  15. CHEMICAL SAFETY • Labels and Hazardous Chemical Inventory • HAZCOM standard requires the use of labels that include • Name and identity of the chemical that matches the inventory and MSDS • All appropriate hazard warnings • Transport containers that are filled and emptied in the same shift do not need labels

  16. BIOLOGICAL SAFETY • Hospital infection control procedures must cover: • Equipment • Personnel • Work Site and Tools • Equipment general precautions • Equipment will be cleaned by USER prior to being accepted for maintenance, especially: • Equipment that is contaminated with body fluids • Equipment used in isolation rooms

  17. BIOLOGICAL SAFETY • Items that cannot be properly cleaned before turn in, i.e. internal spills, will be disassembled and cleaned using personal protective equipment • Areas within the hospital that merit more stringent equipment precautions • Laboratory • Surgery • Laminar Flow Hoods

  18. BIOLOGICAL SAFETY • Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) • Includes: • Gloves • Mask • Scrubs • Eye shields • Gloves • Wash hands before and after use • Disposable • Ensure no skin is exposed

  19. BIOLOGICAL SAFETY • Protective apparel • Disposable coverall or a solid front gown • Long sleeves and tight fitting cuffs • Not worn outside work area • Changed immediately if Contaminated • Shoe and hair covers • Work site • Work area should have eyewash fountain or sink and appropriate first aid equipment if hazardous materials are present or used

  20. BIOLOGICAL SAFETY • Tools • Ensure tools are in good repair • Clean tools after use, especially when working on contaminated or equipment suspected of contamination • No eating at bench while performing repair • Report any mishaps immediately

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