Introduction to Organizational Behaviour

1. Introduction to Organizational Behaviour Concept of Behaviour: • “Human Behaviour” is an important element in the functioning of any organization. • Behaviour is anything that an employee does within an organizational setting. And behaviour is caused. • Exploring the Causal relationship of Human behaviour is the main subject matter of the study ofpsychology.

2. S --------- O --------- R Basic Model of BehaviourS= StimulusO= OrganismR= Response

3. Components of the model • (S)- Stimulus: Any external or internal element which has the tendency to provoke or produce behaviour. • (O)- Organism: (Person) Who reacts towards stimuli or who performs the behaviour. • (R)- Response: The Act or behaviour which happens in response of particular stimuli.

4. Dynamics of Behaviour Two Types of Variables: The Independent Variable: “Independent variable is the presumed cause of some change in the dependent variable.” (For Ex- Remuneration, work environment etc.) The Dependent Variable: “Dependent variable is a response that is affected by independent variable (s)”. (For Ex- Job Satisfaction etc.)

5. What is organization? • “A consciously coordinated social unit, composed of two or more people, that functions on a relatively continuous basis to achieve a common goal or set of goals.” • Organizations are social invention for accomplishing some goals through group efforts. • Groups of people who work independently toward some purpose.

6. Concept & Nature ofOrganizational Behaviour • OB is a field which is the study of human behaviour in organizational setting. • Study of people’s behaviour at work is generally referred to as the study of organizational behaviour. • Organizational behaviour is a field of study which studies the behaviour of individual and group within the organization.

7. Definition of OB According to Stephen P. Robbins : “OB is a field of study that investigates the impact that individuals, groups, and structure have on behaviour within organizations, for the purpose of applying such knowledge towards improving an organizational effectiveness.”

8. Definition of OB According to Joe Kelley : “ Organizational behaviour is the systematic study of the nature of organization: how they begin, grow, and develop and their affect on individual members constituent groups, other organization and larger instututions.”

9. Key Elements of OBThe framework of organizational behaviour made up of the following five basic elements. • Individuals: Individual employees make up the internal system of the organization. They differ in their skills, personality, perception,motivation, learning abilities. So individually employee’s behaviour and performance is greatly affected, who create the organization.

10. ……Five basic elements 2. Groups: A second building block of organization is groups and group processes. These involve process of communication, decision making, power and leadership. Groups are dynamic and informal they affect the organizational activities.

11. ……Five basic elements 3. Task & Technology: The interactive dynamics between people and jobs is important. The physical and economic resources have a significant influence on working relationship. (such as technology, equipments and nature of task).

12. ……Five basic elements 4. Organizational Design: This element of OB is concerned with the work relationship of people in organization. The effective design coordinate and control employee behaviour, facilities and performance. For ex- Organizational Hierarchy.

13. ……Five basic elements 5. Environment: Organization do not exist in vacuum but they continuously interact with their environment. They are a part of a larger economic and social system. Environment influences the attitudes and working style of people. Hence it must be considered in the study of human behaviour in organization.

14. Characteristics of OB • OB is concerned with the study of what people do in an organization and how that behaviour affects the performance of the organization. • It is a systematic study of the actions and attitudes that people exhibit within organization. • It emphasizes the interaction and relations between the organization and individual behaviour.

15. Characteristics of OB • A key activity in OB is developing environment in which people are motivated. • OB takes in goes beyond psychology and also studies related contributing field like-sociology, political science and anthropology etc. • The main objective or aim of OB is that to fulfill both employee needs and organizational objectives.

16. Characteristics of OB • OB is the applied study of human behaviour in organization and oriented towards understanding the forces (factors) that affect behaviours so that their impacts may be predicted and guided towards effective functioning of organization.

17. Challenges and opportunities for OB(Why Study OB ?) While understanding the behaviour within the organization, there are a lot of challenges and opportunities today for managers to use OB Concepts. There are some critical issues confronting by managers within the organizational context, for which OB offers solutions or at least some meaningful insights towards solution.

18. Challenges and opportunities for OB: • Responding to the globalization- • Managing workforce diversity- • Improving quality and productivity- • Improving people’s skills- • Empowering people- • Coping with temporariness- • Improving ethical behaviour- • Stimulating innovation and change-

19. Thank You!