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African Peace Facility Overview: History, Funding, and Impact

Explore the African Peace Facility (APF) history and context from its origins to current developments. Learn about the 9th and 10th EDF's objectives, funding, and supported actions. Discover key initiatives, beneficiaries, and capacity-building efforts under the APF. Gain insight into the transformative role of the APF in promoting peace and security in Africa with a focus on African ownership and EU-Africa partnerships.

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African Peace Facility Overview: History, Funding, and Impact

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  1. The African Peace Facility (APF) Historical background and context African Peace Facility 9th EDF African Peace Facility 10th EDF 1st and 2nd APF – comparative table Further information

  2. 1. Historical background and context • Transformation of the OAU into the AU (2002) • New approach: non-indifference • Development of the continental framework for peace and security • AMIS in Darfur-first major AU peace operation

  3. 1. Historical background and context • Origins of the APF • AU request to establish a Peace Support Operation Facility- Maputo Summit (July 2003) • EU response: APF operational in May 2004 • Legal basis: Art. 11 of the Cotonou Agreement • Nexus security-development: “No development without security”

  4. 2. African Peace Facility 9th EDF • Objectives and scope • Innovative instrument to support African peace and security agenda • Scope- support to: • African-owned and led peace operations • Strengthening capacity of the relevant African organisations • Principles: African ownership and solidarity, EU-Africa partnership • Beneficiaries: AU and sub-regional organisations

  5. 2. African Peace Facility 9th EDF • Programming • Initial allocation- € 250 M : • Peace support operations- € 200 M • Capacity Building – € 35 M • Contingencies, audit, evaluation and monitoring- €15M • Three subsequent replenishments under the 9th EDF (total € 150 M) • Additional Voluntary Contributions of 8 EU Member States (Nearly € 40 M)- first example of cofinancing under the 9th EDF • By 2009 total APF allocation of €440M • Additionally, €7,7M Contribution from South Africa budget line

  6. Commitments APF (M€) 440 4th repl.€55m 3rd repl.€39.2m 2nd repl.€45m 1st repl.€50m

  7. 2. African Peace Facility 9th EDF • Main actions supported • Peace Support operations: • the African Union Mission in Sudan (AMIS) - over €305M • the FOMUC/MICOPAX Mission in the Central African Republic ( CEMAC/ECCAS) – €53,2M • the African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM) – €35,5M • the African Union Missions in the Comoros (AMISEC+MAES) - €5M + €3,5M • Main items funded: allowances for military/police observers, troop allowances, rations, insurance, medical support, fuel and technical assistance

  8. Support to PSOs MICOPAX

  9. 2. African Peace Facility 9th EDF • Main actions supported • Evolution of payments: 2004-2008: fund-consuming PSOs

  10. 2. African Peace Facility 9th EDF • Cases • Missions in the Central African Republic: FOMUC/MICOPAX • Missions in the Comoros: AMISEC, MAES

  11. 2. African Peace Facility 9th EDF • Capacity Building support • Strengthening capacities of the African Union Commission AUC (€6M), • African Standby Force (ASF) workshops (€988,552), • Support to sub-regional organisations’ liaison officers to the AU, to early warning system and financial capacity of both SROs and AUC (€7,7M contribution to the APF from South Africa budget line), • Support to planning capacities of the African Standby Force, to early warning systems and financial management at both sub-regional and continental levels (€20M).

  12. 2. African Peace Facility 9th EDF • Support to capacity building - examples • Effort on institutional capacity, and links AU / SROs. • 3 main CA committed under 9th FED • 2004: 6M € prog.: Reinforcement of the AU continental role: PSC protocol and sec., AUPSOD experts (planning, PCRD, EWS,….) • In 2008, 30% committed (11/ 40 experts recruited). • 2006,2007- 7.5 + 20 M € prog. Reinforce links AU/ SROs, support build-up of APSA. • Liaison offices for SROs in ADDIS • Recruitment, Training, Equipment for EWS, Plan Elm, ASF. • Implementation of a TA to kick-off the project, and setup a project management unit (PMU). • Draft annual report: commitment ~= 20%

  13. 2. African Peace Facility 9th EDF • Implementation/delivery • APF managed by HQ • Joint management, Contribution Agreements with Beneficiairies • TA: monitoring, reporting, training, advice • Key issue: limited AU RECS capacity, including in financial / administrative matters

  14. 2. African Peace Facility 9th EDF • Additional Voluntary Contributions • Background : AMIS – APF depleted • EC organised call for additional contributions • 8 Member States responded. In total 39M € • Managed by EC. EDF procedures. • Permanent feature under 10’EDF

  15. 3. African Peace Facility 10th EDF • New context • Africa-EU joint strategy • Principles • A jointly developed & shared long-term vision • A partnership between equals, moving away from the traditional donor – beneficiary relation • Political dialogue • on issues of common concern (eg. peace & security) • on key issues for development (eg. governance) • seeking joint responses to global challenges (eg. energy; climate change) • promoting a broad-based and wide-ranging people-centred partnership • The Strategy goes beyond: • development cooperation (eg. sciences) • institutions (eg. Non-State actors, civil society, private sector) • Africa (eg. international level: Poznan, UN) • Treating Africa as one (continent-to-continent approach) • EU test case for policy coherence, aid effectiveness, division of labour

  16. Treaty EC/Cotonou/ENP – ESDP – others EU/3rd pilar Multiannual programming European Consensus Political Dialogue Policy coherence for development Africa-EU Strategic Partnership How does it relate to Cotonou? Institutional framework

  17. Thematic Africa-EU partnerships • Peace & Security • Democratic Governance and Human Rights • Trade, Regional integration & Infrastructure • MDGs • Energy • Climate Change • Migration, Mobility & Employment • Science, Information Society & Space

  18. EP-PAP AU-EU civil society EESC-ECOSOCC 8 JEGs, 1 per Partnership 8 EU ITs, 1 per Partnership EU impl.team (EC,GSC,MS) Civil Society, Int’l. partners Institutional architecture with multiple actors every 3 years Political guidance Summit Inputs Ministerial Troika(s) (MFA + ad hoc sectoral) 2 x / year Political dialogue, review, monitoring Annual progress review Senior Officials (EU-Troika + AU extended Troika) Expertise Joint report Joint Experts Groups (JEGs) (implementation engine & coordination body) AUC, AU MS, RECs

  19. 3. African Peace Facility 10th EDF • New context • Partnership on peace and security • Objectives: • Enhance dialogue on challenges to peace & security • Full operationalisation of the Africa P&S Architecture (APSA) • Predictable funding for Africa-led peace support operations • The African Peace Facility 10th EDF (2008-2010) € 300M – major deliverable of the Partnership

  20. 3. African Peace Facility 10th EDF • New context • Further development of APSA • Establishment of APSA structures at the continental and regional levels: • AU Peace and Security Council, • the Panel of the Wise, • the Continental Early Warning System (CEWS) • the African Standby Force (ASF) • Regional Economic Communities/Regional Mechanisms (RECs/RMs) - building blocks of the APSA

  21. 3. African Peace Facility 10th EDF • Preparation of the APF 10th EDF • In-depth consultation process with the African side- AU and RECs/RMs • Based on the lessons learned and joint recommendations • Seminar in Djibouti, November 2007 • Joint Coordination Committee of February 2008 • Consultation process in the Council, adoption in December 2008 • Fully integrated into the new context- Joint Strategy and Partnership on Peace and Security

  22. 3. African Peace Facility 10th EDF • Main orientations • Financial muscle to support the Joint Partnership on Peace and Security • Instrument to support all the three Priorities of the Partnership • Enlarged scope to ensure an integrated approach • Enhanced flexibility • Co-financing as a permanent feature

  23. 3. African Peace Facility 10th EDF • Programming

  24. 3. African Peace Facility 10th EDF • Early Response Mechanism • Innovative feature of the APF • Flexible and immediately available funding for urgent needs: • Launch of an African-led mediation initiative • Preparation of a decision-making process and planning in view of an African led peace operation

  25. 3. African Peace Facility 10th EDF • Beneficiaries • African Union • African sub-regional organisations • Relevant institutions/national structures within or related to the African Peace and Security Architecture

  26. 3. African Peace Facility 10th EDF • Decision making process • Two procedures: • standard procedure for non-urgent interventions • accelerated procedure for urgent interventions • Choice of the procedure: COM proposal, "last word" for the Council • Specific provisions for "small" operations (up to €10M) • Specific feature: Decision by COM with consultation and political appropriateness decision by the Council

  27. 3. African Peace Facility 10th EDF • Eligibility/ DAC-ability • Eligible costs : Non-lethal. Everything except weapons, ammunition, military equipment, basic military salaries • Examples : Allowances, medical, transport, valions… • Consequence : complementary funding always required • DAC’ability : • APF 9’th EDF : non DAC’able • APF 10’th EDF : Most activities non DAC’able - but scope broadened • Commission to prepare annual report

  28. 3. African Peace Facility 10th EDF • Coherence • Internally within EU/EC instruments and initiatives: EDF (RIPs, NIPs, intra-ACP), Instrument for Stability, ESDP/II pillar • EC/EU and Member States • Other partners (UN, US, Canada, …)

  29. 1st and 2nd APF – comparative table

  30. Further Information • DEV: • Anna STRZASKA, Panafrican issues and institutions, Peace and Security unit: anna.strzaska@ec.europa.eu • AIDCO: • Jens MOLLER, African Union and Peace Facility unit: jens.moeller@ec.europa.eu

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