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Coastal Components

This article explores coastal components and processes, focusing on beach form and sediment transport. Topics include cross-shore and longshore sediment transport, erosion factors, erosion control structures, and the effects of human activities. It also discusses the impact of eustatic sea level changes and provides an overview of coastal engineering techniques. Additionally, it examines the effects of hard and soft solutions in managing coastal hazards.

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Coastal Components

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  1. Coastal Components GLY 2030C

  2. Coastal Processes • Beach form and process • Sand on beaches is not static • Cross-shore Sediment Transport • Longshore Sediment Transport • Erosion factors • Most sand supplied by rivers – Damming effects • Tropical Cyclones • Erosion control structures • Some land use planning can minimize human effects • Eustatic sea level changes-worldwide, non-tectonic; results from glacial melting and oceanic warming

  3. Longshore Sediment Transport Beaches are referred to as “rivers of sand” because their sediment is constantly in motion. GLY 2030C

  4. Littoral Cells and Sediment Budgets Entire sediment cycle ( delivery, transport, and loss)

  5. Wave Climate Statistical description of wave height, period, and direction

  6. Wave Climate Statistical description of wave height, period, and direction

  7. Wave Climate Numerical Modeling of Wave Energy Flux and LST

  8. Coastal Engineering • Coastal erosion -often piece-meal approach • Engineering Structures -improve navigation and control erosion • Groins-perpendicular to shore; results in “scalloped” beaches • Breakwaters -intercept waves • Jetties- at mouths of rivers and inlets GLY 2030C

  9. Effects of “hard” solutions GLY 2030C

  10. Effects of “hard” solutions GLY 2030C

  11. “Soft” Solutions Beach nourishment GLY 2030C

  12. Coastal Hazards • Perception of and adjustment to coastal hazards • Bearing the loss (most common response) • Modify potential losses (better code enforcement) • “Armored Beaches” vs. “Living with It” • Philosophy • Coastal erosion is a natural process; problems derive from human structures • Any shoreline construction causes changes • Stabilization protects the few at the expense of the many • Engineering structures destroy the beaches they are designed to protect • Shoreline structures start a trend that is difficult, if impossible to reverse GLY 2030C

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