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American Colonies

American Colonies. Unit 1. Do Now - Ice breaker. Pick up Ice Breaker worksheet on the front table. Directions : Go around the room and meet your classmates! You may only ask one question per person. Once you find a person to answer a question, write their name in the box. What is History?.

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American Colonies

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  1. American Colonies Unit 1

  2. Do Now - Ice breaker • Pick up Ice Breaker worksheet on the front table. • Directions: Go around the room and meet your classmates! You may only ask one question per person. Once you find a person to answer a question, write their name in the box.

  3. What is History?

  4. Think, Pair, Share First, on your own, THINK about the question and answer it in your notes. • What is history? • Why is it important to study history?

  5. Historical Thinking

  6. Spanish Colonization in the USA • Main Idea: Throughout the 1500s and 1600s, the Spanish conquered Central and portions of North America. • Why does it matter?: Spanish language, religion, & architecture continues to influence the Americas.

  7. Do Now • What comes to mind when you think about the European colonization of America? • Which European countries colonized different parts of the United States?

  8. Spain La Florida Juan Ponce de Leon 1513-1562 Discouraged by disease, further exploration ended French move in (1563) French in Florida Buccaneers Robbed the Spanish ships Spain returns to Florida • 1492 – Columbus • Conquistadors • Reason for expanding = spread Catholic faith • Hernando Cortes • Mexico (Aztec Empire) 1519-1521 • Expands to American mainland (Florida)

  9. Resistance to the Spanish • Burned catholic churches, executed priests, drove Spanish back to New Spain (Mexico) • For the next 14 years – the southwest region of the future USA belonged to the native people • 1588 – Spanish Armada (Spain vs. England) • Spain would never regain complete control of America • 1680 Pueblo Rebellion • Catholic Priests punished Pueblo leader Popé for worship • Whipped for practicing “witchcraft” • Fueled hatred for the rebellion • 17,000 people all over New Mexico

  10. Exit Ticket • After reading the brief history on the defeat of the Spanish Armada, discuss the following question with your group THEN individually record your answer and hand in! 1. How/why is Spain’s defeat against England going to negatively impact their colonization in America?

  11. DO Now • Read the Timeline of events explaining European Colonization & answer the 3 questions. • Have your HW out, I will be checking it! • Bonus Question: Who is portrayed in this painting? WRITE IT DOWN! Don’t share your answer 

  12. JAMESTOWN • Jamestown Colony

  13. First European settlements

  14. 9/11

  15. Do Now • Pick up “Mayflower Compact” worksheet. • Read the “Constitution” and answer the corresponding questions.

  16. Mayflower COmpact • When is Thanksgiving

  17. Plymouth Colony (1620) • Mayflower landed in Massachusetts in 1620 • Formed the first written constitution in America, the “Mayflower Compact”

  18. 1629- Establish the Mass. Bay Co. • 1630- Est. Colony in Massachusetts Seeking Utopia… Puritans

  19. NOW that you are free to worship… What does this look like? who determines god’s will?

  20. Seeking Utopia… A City Upon a Hill • First Gov. John Winthrop to create a “city upon a hill” • “You are the light of the world. A city that is set on a hill cannot be hidden” • Reasons for success? • Diverse population • Diversified sources of economy • Healthier climate

  21. How To Create Utopia: • Trust in Fate & God’s Will above Free Will • Work Hard to serve God • Purify/Reform the corrupt world • Establish Tight Knit Communities to keep others in line (Town Halls) • Provide Education so people could follow God • Convert others • Arm Everyone • Banish Diversity

  22. What do these things all aim to do?

  23. Challenging Utopia…Puritan Diversity • 1631—Roger Williams • Banished South • 1636- Williams founded Rhode Island

  24. Challenging Utopia…Puritan Diversity • 1636—Thomas Hooker est. Connecticut

  25. Challenging Utopia…Puritan Diversity • 1636-1638—Anne Hutchinson challenged the Church • Covenant of Works over Grace • SOLUTION: Banished! • “Forasmuch as you, Mrs. Hutchinson, have highly transgressed and offended ... and troubled the Church with your Errors and have drawen away many a poor soule, and have upheld your Revelations; and forasmuch as you have made a Lye ... Therefor in the name of our Lord Je[sus] Ch[rist] ... I doe cast you out and ... deliver you up to Sathan ... and account you from this time forth to be a Hethen and a Publican ... I command you in the name of Ch[rist] Je[sus] and of this Church as a Leper to withdraw your selfe out of the Congregation”

  26. Was this divisioninevitable?

  27. CLOSING How were Virginia (Jamestown) & Massachusetts (Plymouth) similar & how were they different?

  28. Do Now • What do you know about the Salem Witch Trials of 1692?

  29. Salem witches • Why do you think the people of Salem believed the girls’ accusations of witch craft? • Even if they believe in witch craft, why would there be so many accusations all at once?

  30. Salem witch trials 1692 • History Channel - Salem Witches

  31. DO Now • The year is 1750.  As a hard working young colonist, you are proud of the prosperity of your new homeland. However, you are also troubled by the inequalities around you - inequalities between the colonies and Britain, between rich and poor, between men and women, and between free and enslaved. • How can the colonies achieve equality and freedom?

  32. New England Colonies • MA, RI, CT, NH • Founded largely for religious reasons. • (Puritans) • Governed by town meetings, majority ruled. • Theocratic govt. • Religious officials govern • Fishing, Lumber, furs

  33. Middle Colonies • NY, NJ, DE, and PA made up the Middle Colonies • Rich soil earned them the nickname the ‘breadbasket’ • Trade: Cities like NY and Philly thrived as ports • economic, political, and social diversity/tolerance

  34. Southern Colonies • VA, MD, NC, SC, GA • Predominantly based on an agrarian economy • 1st Tobacco then other large crops would (cotton, rice, etc.) dominate economy • This creates need for a large and cheap labor force • slaves • settlers were of either English or Scotch/Irish descent.

  35. On your own… • Using a textbook, find and explain the following terms • Mercantilism • Navigation Acts • Glorious Revolution • Salutary Neglect • How will these events impact the relationship between England and the Colonies? Be specific and explain each.

  36. Mercantilism • Goal: Self sufficiency. All countries were in competition to acquire the most gold and silver. • Success of a nation is dependent on its supply of $$$. • Goal: Increase their balance of trade • Sell More, Buy Less

  37. From West to East • Pumpkins • Gold • Cocoa • Cranberries • Wild cherries • Corn • Tomatoes • Peanuts • Peppers • Beans • Chocolate • Rubber • Tobacco • Potatoes • Onions • Cotton • Sweet potatoes • Pineapples • Vanilla

  38. Navigation Acts • NO trade unless goods were shipped in ENLGISH or COLONIAL ships • All vessels had to be operated by crews that were at least ¾ ENGLISH or COLONIAL • Colonies could only export certain products to ENGLAND • All goods traded had to pass through an ENGLISH port first.

  39. Salutary NeglectBut Why? • England relaxed enforcement of most regulations in return for the continued economic loyalty of the colonies • EXAMPLE: Colonies still bought English goods & Colonies still sent raw materials “home”

  40. 9/18/14 • Take out your homework! • DO NOW: Regional Colonies

  41. DO now • Have your HW out! • Complete the “French & English Rivalry” Handout

  42. French & Indian war • RIVALS FOR EMPIRE! • Great Britain vs. France • Fighting over colonization/territory • Queen Anne’s War, War for Jenkins’ Ear, King George’s War • Colonists were involved in ALL of these major wars • French & Indian War (1754-1763) • GW starts war!   Fort Necessity

  43. French & Indian War • SIDES? • Indians side with French Kick English off of their land! • Winner: GREAT BRITAIN • William Pitt saves the day! • Treaty of Paris – ends war • Ottawa Leader, Pontiac (1763) • Wanted Ohio River Valley back • Capture 7 British forts • British call “truce” and offer peace blankets….. • Proclamation of 1763 • Banned all English settlement WEST of Appalachians • English did not enforce  colonists took land anyway • Tensions between England & Colonies intensify

  44. Tensions increase • Britain cracked down on colonists’ smuggling • Stations 10,000 troops in territories to control Native Americans • Colonists viewed as standing army that could turn on them • NOT PROCTECTION

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