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Bell Work 1/11/2010

Bell Work 1/11/2010. What is the name of the enzyme involved in DNA Replication?. Protein Synthesis. Review. Phosphate Group. O O=P-O O. Nitrogenous base (A, T , G, C). 5. CH2. O. N. Sugar (deoxyribose). C 1. C 4. C 3. C 2. DNA. 5. O. 3. 3. O. P. P.

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Bell Work 1/11/2010

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  1. Bell Work 1/11/2010 What is the name of the enzyme involved in DNA Replication?

  2. Protein Synthesis

  3. Review

  4. Phosphate Group O O=P-O O Nitrogenous base (A, T,G, C) 5 CH2 O N Sugar (deoxyribose) C1 C4 C3 C2 DNA

  5. 5 O 3 3 O P P 5 5 C O G 1 3 2 4 4 1 2 3 5 O P P T T A A 3 5 O O 5 P P 3 DNA - double helix

  6. RNA • Function: obtain information from DNA & synthesizes proteins

  7. 3 differences from DNA • Single strand instead of double strand • Ribose instead of deoxyribose as its sugar • Uracil instead of thymine • U instead of T

  8. DNA RNA • A – T • C – G • Example: ATGACT  TACCGA • A – U • C – G • Example: • ATGACT  • UACGGA

  9. Phosphate Group O O=P-O O Nitrogenous base (A, U,G, C ) 5 CH2 O N Sugar (ribose) C1 C4 C3 C2 RNA

  10. 3 types of RNA • Messenger RNA (mRNA)-copies information from DNA for protein synthesis

  11. 3 types of RNA 2. Transfer RNA (tRNA)- collects amino acids for protein synthesis

  12. 3 types of RNA 3. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)- combines with proteins to form ribosomes

  13. RNA Polymerase- enzyme for transcription • RNA polymerase pairs RNA nucleotides to DNA strands. • Uracil replaces thymine (U instead of T)

  14. Transcription - mRNA is made from DNA & goes to the ribosome Translation - Proteins are made from the message on the mRNA

  15. Transcription • In order for cells to make proteins, the DNA code must be transcribed (copied) to mRNA. • Why? • DNA cannot leave the nucleus. Proteins are made in the cytoplasm. mRNA serves as a “messenger” and carries the protein building instructions to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm. • The mRNA carries the code from the nucleus to the ribosomes.

  16. Questions • Why does transcription need to occur? • Why does DNA need to be converted into RNA?

  17. Step one of Transcription RNA Polymerase unwinds and unzips the DNA double helix.

  18. Step two of Transcription RNA polymerase adds on free-floating nucleotides

  19. Step Three of Transcription • RNA detaches from the template DNA

  20. TRANSCRIPTION EXAMPLE • DNA Sequence into mRNA TAC CGG ATC CTA GGA TCA AUG GCC UAG GAU CCU AGU

  21. Transcription Animation • http://biology-animations.blogspot.com/2009/11/gene-transcription-animation.html

  22. TRANSCRIPTION EXAMPLEWrite the DNA molecule below as RNA • DNA Sequence into mRNA 1. ACG 2. GGG TAG CCA 3. CGG ATC CTA 4. GGA TCA ACG GCC 5. TAG GAU GAT CAT 4. CCA AGT TAG ATG TTA • A= U • C= G

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