Brazil

1. Brazil Essential Question: How does Brazil compare to the Unites States?

2. Do not write this in your notes Cornell Note Reminders • Paraphrase the information on the slides • Do not write every single word • Use abbreviations • Everything you write today goes on the right-hand side • If you miss something, leave some space • Fill in info later

4. Brazil Stats • Officially the Federative Republic of Brazil • Population = 197 million • Capital City = Brasilia • Other major cities = Rio de Janeiro, San Paulo • Official Language = Portuguese • Literacy rate = 86% "Ordem e Progresso”—Order and Progress

5. Colonization to Independence • Colonization • claimed by Portugal in April 1500 • the economic exploration of the territory was based on: • brazilwoodextraction (16th century), • sugar production (16th–18th centuries), • gold and diamond mining (18th century • Slaves provided most of the working force of the Brazilian economy • Portugal controlled Brazil for approx. 300 years Portuguese map by LopoHomem (c. 1519) showing the coast of Brazil and natives extracting brazilwood, as well as Portuguese ships.

6. Path to Independence • Brazil entered nationhood with considerably less strife and bloodshed than did the Spanish-speaking nations of the New World • The Independence of Brazil comprised a series of political events that occurred in 1821–1824 • The war between the Brazilians and Portuguese lasted from February 1822 to November 1823 • Independence Day of Brazil - The date celebrates Brazil's Declaration of Independence from Portugal on September 7, 1822.

7. Race and Ethnicity • Brazil is a multiethnic society, which is home to people of many different ethnical backgrounds. As a result, Brazilians usually treat their nationality as a citizenship, rather than as an ethnicity. • Brazilians are mostly descendants of colonial settlers and post-colonial immigrants, African slaves and Brazil's indigenous peoples.

9. Religion • Brazil possesses a richly spiritual society formed from the meeting of the Roman Catholic Church with the religious traditions of African slaves and indigenous peoples. • Roman Catholicism is the country's predominant faith • Brazil has the world's largest Catholic population

10. Culture The core culture of Brazil is derived from Portuguese culture, because of its strong colonial ties with the Portuguese empire • Music • Styles like choro, samba and bossa nova are considered genuinely Brazilian • Cuisine • varies greatly by region • everyday meal consist mostly of rice and beans with beef and salad • national beverage is coffee and cachaça is Brazil's native liquor • Sports • most popular sport in Brazil is football (soccer) • Some sport variations have their origins in Brazil: beach football,futsal (indoor football) and footvolley

11. Rio de Janeiro • Brazil’s second largest city • Approx. 6.3 million people • Most visited city in the southern hemisphere and is known for its natural settings, carnival celebrations, samba, BossaNova, balneario beaches • Will host the 2014 FIFA World Cup and the 2016 Summer Olympics

12. Social Issues in Rio • Significant disparities between the rich and the poor • One fifth of its inhabitants live in neighborhoods known as favelas (slums) • In the favelas, 15% of the population are poor, compared to 10% in the general population

13. Homework: • Highlight or underline the most important details in your notes • Create at least 3 questions in the left-hand column using the 12 powerful words • Complete a summary of the notes • 4-5 sentences summarizing the main ideas of the notes.