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ATMOSPHERE AND ITS PROTECTION

Learn about the atmosphere, its structure, and importance for life. Discover the problems of air pollution and explore potential solutions. This educational material is part of a project with English language integration.

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ATMOSPHERE AND ITS PROTECTION

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  1. ATMOSPHERE AND ITS PROTECTION Výukový materiál EK 01 - 29 Tvůrce: Mgr. Alena Výborná Tvůrce anglické verze: Mgr. Miloslava Dorážková Projekt: S anglickým jazykem do dalších předmětů Registrační číslo: CZ.1.07/1.1.36/03.0005 Tento projekt je spolufinancován ESF a SR ČR

  2. ATMOSPHERE • An air cover of the Earth • Reflects solar radiation • At nights it prevents heat loss from the Earth

  3. ATMOSPHERE • A vertical division of the atmosphere: • Troposphere (life of organisms) • Stratosphere • Mesosphere • Ionosphere • Exosphere

  4. TROPOSPHERE • The lowest layer of the Earth's atmosphere • It extends from Earth's surface to an average height of about 11 km • 80% - 90% air of the atmosphere • Most meteorological effects takes place there • Clouds are made there • Organisms live there

  5. STRUCTURE OF AIR N • NITROGEN 78 % • OXYGEN 21 % • CARBON DIOXIDE 0,03 % • PRECIOUS GASES nearly 1% O2 CO2

  6. STRATOSPHERE • It extends from the Earth's surface to an average height of about 50 – 60 km • The layer between 25 – 35 km above the Earth is called ozonosphere • Ozonosphere contains high concentration of O3 • Ozone layer protects the Earth against UV radiation

  7. MESOSPHERE • It extends from the Earth's surface to an average height of about 80 – 85 km

  8. IONOSPHERE • It extends from the Earth's surface to an average height of about 800 km • The air is rarefied there • It reflects radio waves

  9. EXOSPHERE • The outermost layer of the Earth's atmosphere

  10. THE IPORTANCE OF THE ATMOSPHERE FOR LIFE • Structure of the atmosphere and its physical properties (pressure, density and air circulation) have effects on organisms • It changes solar energy into thermal energy • It directs the division of warm and humidity on the Earth • A condition of life on the Earth

  11. PROBLEMS OF AIR POLLUTION • EMISSION = substances getting into the atmosphere • POLLUTANTS = substances formed by reactions of emissions and air components • SMOG = mixture of emissions and pollutants above industrial agglomerations • INVERSION = thermal inversion there is no air mix smog stays near the ground

  12. PROBLEMS OF AIR POLLUTION • SO2 – is formed by burning fossil fuels • FREONS – damage ozonosphere • SOLID EMISSIONS – are formed by burning, mining and modification of raw materials • LEAD – from exhaust pipes

  13. PERSPECTIVE SOLUTIONS • Reduction of energy consumption • Restriction of burning of fossil fuels • Searching of new energetic sources • Reduction of exhausts • Use of transport less damaging the environment

  14. Revision: • 1. What is the atmosphere? • 2. How do we divide the atmosphere (vertically)? • 3. How much oxygen does the atmosphere contain? • 4. What are emissions? • 5. What are pollutants? • 6. Name some perspectives of air pollution solutions.

  15. Zdroj: • HANČOVÁ, Hana, Bohumír JANSKÝ, Hana SRBOVÁ a Václav CÍLEK. Biologie v kostce 1: Obecná biologie. Mikrobiologie. Botanika. Mykologie. Ekologie. Genetika. 2. vyd. Praha: Fragment, 1999, 112 s. ISBN 80-720-0340-2 • BIČÍK, Ivan, Bohumír JANSKÝ, Hana SRBOVÁ a Václav CÍLEK. Přírodní obraz Země: učebnice zeměpisu pro střední školy. 1. vyd. Praha: Nakladatelství České geografické společnosti, 2001, 135 s. ISBN 80-860-3445-3

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