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Under British Rule

Under British Rule. Pages 193-198. (Do not write this) Countries Colonized by Britain. North America Canada, the U.S

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Under British Rule

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  1. Under British Rule Pages 193-198

  2. (Do not write this)Countries Colonized by Britain • North America Canada, the U.S • The Caribbean Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, St. Kitts & Nevis, St. Lucia, St. Vincent & the Grenadines, Trinidad & Tobago • Sub-Saharan Africa Botswana, The Gambia, Ghana, Kenya, Lesotho, Malawi, Namibia, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe • SW Asia and N. Africa Bahrain, Egypt, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Qatar, Sudan, UAE, Yemen • South Asia Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Pakistan, Sri Lanka • SE Asia Brunei, Burma, Malaysia, Singapore • Australiaand Oceania Australia, Fiji, New Zealand, Tuva

  3. Europeans in India • Many European countries saw great riches in India(1600s) • England set up the East India Company & forced Indian rulers to grant the British power • British outlawed many Hindu practices and raised taxes

  4. Sepoy Rebellion • Sepoys- Indian troops who served in the British army • New law made Indians use British weapons and fight over seas for England • Sepoys upset- rumored that cartridges of rifles made grease w/ beef or pork fat **British put down uprising

  5. India Becomes British Colony • 1876- Queen Victoria becomes empress • Direct rule through British officials • New laws • Controlled courts

  6. Effects • Improved travel communication health care sanitation

  7. BUT • India’s industry was practically destroyed due to British imports • Farmers grew less food to grow cash crops WHY? To pay for British imports Result= famine

  8. Solution? • 1920- Mohandas Gandhi leads country to gain home rule

  9. Freedom and Partition Pages 201 to 204

  10. Partition (division) • Hindus and Muslins intensely fought over ideology, rights, and rule • Britain partitioned India as Hindu nation and Pakistan as Muslim nation • 15 million fled the 2 countries to get to their perspective nations

  11. Amritsar (uhm-rit-ser) Massacre- 10,000 Indians gathered to protest harshness of British British troops opened fire killing 379 and wounding 1,100 Goal- Complete separation from British Turning Point in Struggle for Freedom

  12. Gandhi • Inspired common people to work towards change • Developed satyagraha- “truth force”- nonviolent resistance • Used Hindu beliefs and Christian traditions • Followed civil disobedience- refusal to obey unjust laws

  13. Gandhi continued • Wanted the the world to realize that the British were wrong by taking punishment and not fighting back • Reached out to untouchables and Muslims • Encouraged boycott of British goods

  14. Salt March (1930) • British forbade Indians to make salt • British HEAVILY taxed their salt • MG led followers on 200 mile march- broke law by making salt from sea water • British arrested Gandhi and 50,000 Indians

  15. Independence (1947) • Gained independence from British because • Refused to help British in WWII • Popular opinion opposed the British having overseas colonies

  16. The Death of Gandhi • Assassinated in 1948 by a fellow Hindu. • Gandhi’s assassinator felt that he betrayed the Hindu religion by embracing Muslims.

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