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Demographic Transition Model

Demographic Transition Model. *The DTM describes a sequence of changes in the relationships between birth and death rates. *The model was produced using changes in the natural increase in several countries in Western Europe and North America.

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Demographic Transition Model

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  1. Demographic Transition Model

  2. *The DTM describes a sequence of changes in the relationships between birth and death rates. • *The model was produced using changes in the natural increase in several countries in Western Europe and North America.

  3. It suggests that the population growth rates for all countries can be divided into 5 stages.

  4. Stage 1

  5. Birth Rate - Very High • Death Rate - Very High • Natural Increase - Population Steady

  6. Reasons for changes in birth rate:

  7. Children needed for farming • They die at an early age due to illnesses • No family planning • And religious and social encouragement.

  8. Reasons for changes in death rate:

  9. Disease • Famine • Poor medical knowledge and so many people die.

  10. Stage 2

  11. Birth Rate - Very High • Death Rate - Falling Rapidly • Natural Increase - Very Rapid Increase

  12. Reasons for changes in birth rate:

  13. Children needed for farming • They die at an early age due to illnesses • No family planning and religious and social encouragement. (same as stage 1)

  14. Reasons for change in death rate:

  15. Improvements in medical care • Water • Supply and sanitation • Fewer children die.

  16. Stage 3

  17. Birth Rate: Falling rapidly • Death Rate: Falling more slowly • Natural Increase: Rapid increase

  18. Reasons for changes in birth rate:

  19. Improved medical care and diet • Fewer children are needed

  20. Reasons for changes in death rate:

  21. Improvements in medical care • Water • Supply and sanitation • Fewer children die

  22. Stage 4

  23. Birth Rate: Falling more slowly • Death rate: Slight fall • Natural Increase: Very slow increase

  24. Reasons for changes in birth rate:

  25. Family planning • Good health • Later marriages • Improving status of women

  26. Reasons for changes in death rate:

  27. Good health care • Reliable food supply • People are living much longer

  28. Stage 5

  29. Birth Rate: Slight fall • Death Rate: Stable • Natural Increase: Gentle decrease

  30. Reasons for changes in birth rate:

  31. Family planning • Good health • Later marriages • Improving status of women

  32. Reasons for changes in death rate:

  33. Good health care • Reliable food supply • People are living much longer

  34. Examples

  35. Stage 1: A few remote Groups • Stage 2:Egypt, Kenya, India • Stage 3: Brazil • Stage 4: USA, Japan, France, UK • Stage 5: Germany (the future)

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