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Demographic Transition Model

Demographic Transition Model. Why is population increasing at different rates in different countries?. Stage 1: Low Growth. High CBR and CDR but nearly the same Hunting and gathering Around 8000 BC the world’s population began growing more rapidly Agricultural Revolution

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Demographic Transition Model

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  1. Demographic Transition Model

  2. Why is population increasing at different rates in different countries?

  3. Stage 1: Low Growth • High CBR and CDR but nearly the same • Hunting and gathering • Around 8000 BC the world’s population began growing more rapidly • Agricultural Revolution • Most of human history has been spent at stage 1, but no country remains there today.

  4. Stage 2: High Growth • CDR plummets while CBR remains high • NIR is high • 1750-1800: Industrial Revolution (Europe and US) • 1950s:Medical Revolution (Latin America, Asia and Africa)

  5. Stage 3: Moderate Growth • CBR drops sharply, CDR is still dropping but not as rapidly • Population is still growing but not as rapidly • Europe and North America: 1900-1950 • Asia and Latin America: recently • Most African nations are still in stage 2 • CBR drops because of changes in social customs • People chose to have fewer children • More confident that children will survive to adulthood • Economic changes, more urban

  6. Stage 4: Low Growth • CBR declines to a point that it equals the CDR • zero population growth (ZPG) • Countries in stage 4 can be seen in the TFR map • Social customs can also explain stage 4 • More women in the workforce • Changes in lifestyle: birth control, increased income and leisure time • Negative Population Growth

  7. Demographic Transition in England Fig. 2-14: England was one of the first countries to experience rapid population growth in the mid-eighteenth century, when it entered stage 2 of the demographic transition.

  8. Population Pyramids

  9. Population Pyramids in U.S. Cities Fig. 2-16: Population pyramids can vary greatly, with different fertility rates (Laredo vs. Honolulu), or among military bases (Unalaska), college towns (Lawrence), and retirement communities (Naples).

  10. Rapid Growth in Cape Verde Fig. 2-17: Cape Verde, which entered stage 2 of the demographic transition in about 1950, is experiencing rapid population growth. Its population history reflects the impacts of famines and out-migration.

  11. Moderate Growth in Chile Fig. 2-18: Chile entered stage 2 of the demographic transition in the 1930s, and it entered stage 3 in the 1960s.

  12. Low Growth in Denmark Fig. 2-19: Denmark has been in stage 4 of the demographic transition since the 1970s, with little population growth since then. Its population pyramid shows increasing numbers of elderly and few children.

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