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The Cold War

The Cold War . What is a Cold War? . WWII left two nations of almost equal strength but differing goals Cold War – A struggle over political differences carried on by means short of direct military conflict between nations.

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The Cold War

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  1. The Cold War

  2. What is a Cold War? • WWII left two nations of almost equal strength but differing goals • Cold War – A struggle over political differences carried on by means short of direct military conflict between nations. • Wars over the conflicting political beliefs broke out BUT the US and USSR never declared war on each other. (i.e. proxy wars -- Korea, Vietnam) • Used political and economic pressure to try and obtain goal

  3. Roots of the Cold War • Teheran Conference, 1943: - USSR guaranteed to be only power to liberate Eastern Europe because of US and Britain’s focus on western front • Yalta Conference, 1945: – Stalin pledged to allow democratic elections in E. Europe (but later reneged) – Germany would be divided into four zones controlled by U.S., France, Britain and USSR – After war, Soviets dominated their zone and did not allow reunification of Germany • Potsdam Conference, 1945: – Truman demanded free elections in Eastern Europe but Stalin refused – Stalin refused to keep promise of rebuilding Eastern Europe and built communist regimes. (managed industrial equipment for shipment to USSR)

  4. Points of View • Stalin seemed intent on creating "spheres" of influence in Eastern Europe • Broke pledges at Yalta; refused to allow reunification of Germany • U.S. wanted democracy spread throughout the world with a strong international organization to maintain global peace • Democracies traditionally hostile towards communism and the USSR • US & Britain did not open western front in Europe early enough; millions of Soviet soldiers were dying fighting the brunt of Nazi armies alone until mid-1944. • The US and Britain left Russia out of the atomic bomb project. US USSR

  5. Differing Goals lead to Tensions • Encourage democracy/ Rebuild European governments to promote stability • Gain access to raw materials and markets to fuel economies • Free Trade = Economic Growth = Peace • Reunite Germany • Encourage communism in other countries • Control Eastern Europe to protect borders and rebuild using their resources • Keep Germany divided US USSR

  6. Challenged war by practicing non-violence to bring about political change

  7. Self – Immolation

  8. In-Class today in Groups: • Use your textbook to present these aspects of the Cold War to the class: • The United Nations pg. 822 • Capitalism & Communism pg. 822-826 • West vs. East Europe in Korea pg. 826-828 • US defeat in Vietnam pg. 828 – 829 • The Race for Nuclear Supremacy pg.829-830 • Read, outline & be prepared to discuss the significance to class.

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