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First Aid for Open Wounds: Types, Treatment, and Prevention

Learn about different types of open wounds like abrasions, lacerations, and punctures. Discover how to properly clean and care for open wounds to prevent infection and promote healing. Understand the steps to take for severe wounds such as amputations and avulsions. Stay informed on what not to do when treating open wounds to avoid complications. Be prepared to handle various wound situations confidently with first aid knowledge.

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First Aid for Open Wounds: Types, Treatment, and Prevention

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  1. First Aid Chapter 5 Wounds

  2. Open Wounds Break in skin surface with external bleeding

  3. Open Wounds At risk for blood loss and infection

  4. Open Wounds Abrasion Laceration Incision Contusion Hematoma Puncture Avulsion Amputation Several types of open wounds

  5. Open Wounds Abrasion Top layer of skin is removed. Little or no blood loss Painful because nerve ending are also abraded

  6. Open Wounds Abrasion Ground in debris may be present “Scrape” “Road rash” “Rug burn”

  7. abrasion

  8. abrasion

  9. abrasion

  10. Open Wounds Laceration Cut skin with jagged edges. Caused by forceful tearing away of tissue.

  11. laceration

  12. laceration

  13. laceration

  14. Open Wounds Incision Smooth edges Resemble surgical cut or paper cut Amount of bleeding depends on depth, location, size

  15. incision

  16. incision

  17. incision

  18. incision

  19. Open Wounds Puncture Usually deep, narrow wounds in skin and underlying organs.

  20. Open Wounds Puncture Entrance is usually small High risk of infection Object may still be present

  21. puncture

  22. puncture

  23. Open Wounds Avulsion Flap of skin is torn loose and hanging. Can bleed heavily Most often involve ears, fingers and hands

  24. Open Wounds Avulsion If possible, lay flap flat and realign in normal position

  25. Open Wounds Amputation Cutting of tearing off of a body part Fingers, hand, toes, foot, arm leg

  26. amputation

  27. Open Wounds: What to Do Wear gloves Expose wound Control bleeding with direct pressure

  28. Open Wounds: What to Do Cleaning the wound: Helps prevent infection May restart bleeding

  29. Open Wounds: What to Do Cleaning the wound: Shallow: Wash with soap and water Irrigate with water SMA as needed Animal bites, puncture wounds, serious wounds: always SMA

  30. Open Wounds: What to Do Cleaning the wound: Cover wound with sterile dressing Keep clean and dry Change dressing as needed

  31. Open Wounds: What to Do DO NOT • Clean large or life- threatening wounds • Scrub a wound

  32. Open Wounds: What to Do Hydrogen peroxide can effect blood flow and wound healing DO NOT • Irrigate with full strength alcohol or Betadine • Use hydrogen peroxide

  33. Open Wounds: What to Do Infection more likely when bacteria is trapped in wound DO NOT • Soak the wound • Close the wound with tape • Blow on the wound

  34. Open Wounds: What to Do Covering the wound Small does not require sutures: Apply antibiotic ointment Cover with sterile dressing

  35. Open Wounds: What to Do Serious sign of infection. SMA Infection Swelling Redness Throbbing pain Drainage Fever Red streaks Chills

  36. Open Wounds: What to Do Toxin travels to nervous system, brain and spinal cord Tetnus Enters a wound with little oxygen, (puncture wound) releases toxins

  37. Open Wounds: What to Do Tetnus Muscle contractions and paralysis Starts with jaw - “Lock Jaw” No know antidote. Vaccination to prevent

  38. Open Wounds: What to Do Amputation Control bleeding Treat for shock Recover amputated part

  39. Open Wounds: What to Do Amputation Rinse to remove debris. Do not scrub Wrap in clean dry dressing

  40. Open Wounds: What to Do Amputation Place in plastic bag Place in another plastic bag with ice SMA

  41. Open Wounds: What to Do Amputation DO NOT: • Wrap in wet cloth • Place directly on ice • Use dry ice • Cut off partially attached body part

  42. Open Wounds: What to Do Impaled Object DO NOT remove Control bleeding with direct pressure on skin around object Stabilize object Shorten only if necessary

  43. Closed Wounds Happens when a blunt object strikes the body Skin is not broken Tissue and blood vessels beneath skin is crushed

  44. Closed Wounds Contusion Another name for a bruise. Caused when blood vessels are damaged or broken from a blow to the skin

  45. contusion

  46. Closed Wounds Hematoma is a collection of blood outside the blood vessels, Caused by internal bleeding

  47. hematoma

  48. hematoma

  49. Closed Wounds What to do: Control bleeding with an ice pack Elastic bandage as needed Check for fracture Elevate to decrease pain, swelling

  50. Wounds that Require Attention Arterial bleeding Uncontrolled bleeding Deep or large wound Embedded objects Animal bites Internal bleeding Use Common Sense

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