1 / 7

THINGS YOU HAVE LEARNED FROM LAST TWO MODULES which are important for this module

THINGS YOU HAVE LEARNED FROM LAST TWO MODULES which are important for this module. Resonance Acid/base properties Conjugation Aromaticity. Nucleophile/electrophile Curly arrows/pushing electrons Nucleophilic substitution Sn1, Sn2 Elimination E1, E2, E1CB Electrophilic addition

minor
Download Presentation

THINGS YOU HAVE LEARNED FROM LAST TWO MODULES which are important for this module

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. THINGS YOU HAVE LEARNED FROM LAST TWO MODULES which are important for this module Resonance Acid/base properties Conjugation Aromaticity Nucleophile/electrophile Curly arrows/pushing electrons Nucleophilic substitution Sn1, Sn2 Elimination E1, E2, E1CB Electrophilic addition Diels-Alder Reaction WHAT IS NEW IN THIS MODULE Reaction of carbonyl compounds (most of this module) Electrophilic subsitution (small part – reaction of benzene compounds) Application to biochemical reactions (small part – reaction of benzene compounds)

  2. SUMMARY OF MOST OF THIS MODULE THE MAIN PROPERTIES OF THE CARBONYL GROUP Point 1 C=O is a p---- co------- bond C is d+ - attractive to nu---------s O is d- - attractive to pr---ns (ac--ds) Point 2 C=O – -- bond (type) The p bond is w---er and usually breaks first Point 3 The carbonyl group is tr-----l pl----r i.e. it is flat Point 4 The C-H bond (the a hy------n) is ac----c – breaks easily - to form an an--n

  3. SUMMARY OF MOST OF THIS MODULE Point 4 The C-H bond (the a hy------n) is ac----c – breaks easily - to form an an--n Chapters 22 and 23 RHS is itself nu-------le – lone pair electrons Can react with other electrophilic molecules e.g. RHS is stabilised by resonance BACK

  4. SUMMARY OF MOST OF THIS MODULE Note 1 – notice change in hy--------n and ge-----y Chapters 19 and 21 Note 2 – notice Nu can come from either side Generally racemic products are produced Point 1 C=O is a polar covalent bond C is d+ - attractive to nucleophiles Point 2 C=O – p bond The p bond is weaker and usually breaks first Point 4 The carbonyl group is trigonal planar i.e. it is flat

  5. SUMMARY OF MOST OF THIS MODULE Part 1 19.5, 19.6, 19.7, 19.10 Part 3 Ch 21 Important – ester, amide hydrolysis Part 2 19.8, 19.9 and 19.11

  6. SUMMARY OF THIS LECTURE Part 1 19.5, 19.6, 19.7, 19.10 19.5 Nu = H2O – acid & base 19.6 Nu = CN- 19.7 Nu = R- 19.10 Nu = ROH Mechanisms all essentially same (19.6 easiest) – but must practice moving H+ - 19.7 must take note of role of MgX

  7. SUMMARY OF THIS LECTURE 19.4 - reminder what is nucleophile (bottom p 702- top 703) - geometry – nucleophilic must attack from a certain angle - which aldehydes/ketones are more reactive - steric reason (middle p 703) - electronic reason (bottom p703 to top p 704) 19.6 - cyanohydrin – mechanism middle p 707 – classwork 19.44 (wider significance – addition of C to skeleton) 19.5 - water – mechanism alkaline (fig 19.4), acidic (fig 19.5) catalysis Problem 19.8 19.5 - Grignard reaction – mechanism (fig 19.6) – classwork 19.37 (a) (wider significance – addition of C’s to skeleton) – did not cover in this lecture 19.10 - acetal formation – mechanism (fig 19.12) – classwork 19.39 Homework 19.39,19.43

More Related