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Bellringer

Bellringer. why are some areas of the world more powerful than others ?. Agenda. Bellringer Levels of Questioning Guns, Germs and Steel Levels of Questioning practice Homework The Worst Mistake. Vocabulary Words for Guns, Germs and Steel. Cultivation :

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Bellringer

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  1. Bellringer • why are some areas of the world more powerful than others?

  2. Agenda • Bellringer • Levels of Questioning • Guns, Germs and Steel • Levels of Questioning practice • Homework • The Worst Mistake

  3. Vocabulary Words for Guns, Germs and Steel • Cultivation: • the planting, growing, and harvesting of crops or plants, or the preparation of land for this purpose • Civilization: • a society that has a high level of culture and social organization • Domestication: • taming and adaptation of plants and animals for the benefits of humans

  4. Guns, Germs and Steel • Jared Diamond, famous scientist. He is trying to answer a question asked him by a native New Guinean, Yale: “why do white people have so much stuff, but New Guinea people did not”

  5. Homework • Reading the Worst Mistake and answering the questions on a separate worksheet • Remember to sign up for remind101!

  6. Bellringer • Pull out the civilization game question you pick up on your way in. • Each question represents one round of the game. Answer one question after each round. (Example: for round 5 answer question number 5.) Complete the first couple of questions based on how many were complete on the first day.

  7. Period 1 Powerpoint2013

  8. Bellringer: What are the basic characteristics of early human societies?

  9. Agenda • Bellringer • Review Civilization game • Notes • Homework • SPICE chart and Study for test

  10. Your Notebook • Objective: • Allow student to focus on important information during their reading and to organize information. • Set up (for each unit) • Objective sheet • Unit Vocabulary • 1 page for each objective (some will require more than others) • Front page for students reading notes • Back page for class/lecture notes • Important people

  11. Expectations for notebook • Will be bought to each class • Students will write the objective on top of each page

  12. Paleolithic And Neolithic Age

  13. Objective 1 Paleolithic Age • 12,000 BCE–humans evolved physically and mentally to the level of today • Opposable thumbs & developed brain • Paleolithic Achievements • Invention of tools & weapons • Language • Control of fire • Art (sculpture, jewelry, and cave paintings) • Humans lived in small bands of hunter-gatherers Links to the objective in your notebook. Write on the BACK of the page. The front page is reserved for your reading notes. Write down any addition or missed information that you DO NOT have from your reading notes.

  14. Objective 1/2 Paleolithic Age Societies • Men hunt and/or fish; women gather fruits, etc. • Lived in kinship groups of 20-30 people • Follow migratory patterns of animals • Need large portions of land to support themselves • Life expectancy was 20 years or less

  15. Paleolithic Societies • Groups were not always self-sufficient • Trade with neighboring groups was often necessary • Developed tools suitable for their environment • Practiced animism

  16. Discussion Question With the partner next to you discuss the following question: What causes technological change?

  17. Objective 3 Defining Neolithic Revolution • Define with your partner Neolithic Revolution: • Also can be called: Agricultural revolution • Ms. Heath’s definition: • The deliberate cultivation of particular plants as well as the taming and breeding of particular animals • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yocja_N5s1I&list=PLBDA2E52FB1EF80C9&index=1&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mode=1&safe=active

  18. Objective 3 Neolithic Revolution • Around 10000 BCE, two discoveries revolutionized human society • Farming (1st crops were wheat & barley) • Herding (1st domesticated animals were goats, pigs, & cattle) • Domesticated animals produced a new type of society called Pastoralists

  19. Objective 3 Origins of Agriculture

  20. Objective 3 Social Results of the Neolithic Revolution • Social changes: • Permanent settlement • People become dependent on farming • Farming & specialized labor led to increase in technology • Pottery, the plow, irrigation, woven textiles, wheeled vehicles • Gender inequality • Full-time political and religious figures emerge as community leaders • Specialized workers such as toolmakers, miners, and merchants • Despite specialization, well-defined social stratification did not exist

  21. World Population Growth Intensive agriculture caused human population to jump from 5-8 million to 60 to 70 million in 5,000 years

  22. Objective 3 Environmental changes • Slash and burn farming • Some plant species die out • Animals domesticated

  23. Objective 3 Examples of Neolithic Cities • Farming & herding allowed for urban development • 1st cities emerged in Middle East (Turkey & Jordan) • Jericho and CatalHuyuk

  24. Objective 4 Pastoral Societies • Nomadic peoples who herd domesticated animals • Move in search of food for their animals • Develop on marginal land apart from areas suitable for agriculture, often semi-arid regions • Interact with agricultural societies

  25. Objective 4 Relationship betweendeveloping economies • Exchange of ideas and products • Conquest/absorption/displacement of hunter-gathers • Spread of language • Indo-European begin in turkey

  26. Objective 5 Impact of Technology changes on Human Society • Basket for food storage • Record keeping writing • Metals  allowing for strong tools & weapons • Bronze stronger/more useful than stone • 400 b.c.e

  27. River Valley Civilizations

  28. Objective 6 Characteristic of Civilization • A civilization is a complex culture with these five characteristics: • Specialized workers • Technology • Advanced cities • Institutions • Record keeping

  29. Objective 7 Ancient Mesopotamia

  30. Objective 7 Government (political) • Initially, priest-kings rule city-states • Sumerians (c. 3500 BCE) • City-states evolve into empires • Akkadians (c. 2334-2218 BCE) • Land owning aristocracy dominated • Develop a formal legal codes • Hammurabi’s Code (c. 1800 BCE)

  31. Objective 7 Religion/Culture • Believed in 3,000 gods • Goal: Appease gods to control nature • Art and literature focus on gods and religion • Epic of Gilgamesh • Contains a story of an epic flood • Built ziggurats

  32. Objective 7 Culture • Inventions: wheel, sail, and plow • Bronze metallurgy • 1st system of writing • Cuneiform • 1st number system • Based on units of10, 60, & 360 • Astronomy

  33. Objective 8 Society • Social stratification • Slavery was common • One could become a slave through war, crime, or debt • Slaves were used in temples, public buildings, or private homes • Patriarchal • Women could hold most occupations Nobles Freemen Slaves

  34. Objective 8 Economy

  35. Objective 7 Ancient Egypt • Relatively isolated • Nile flooded regularly, predictably • Provided rich soil, easy soil to farm • Civilization regulated flooding, surveying • Control the Nile; control society

  36. Objective 7 Government • Formed by 3000 BCE • Unified for most of history • Early Kingdom • Middle Kingdom • Late Kingdom • Theocracy • Pharaoh was a god-king • Women could be pharaohs • Hatshepsut (1473-1458 BCE) Ramses II

  37. Objective 7 Culture • Hieroglyphic writing on papyrus • Mathematics • Geometry • Calendar system • 365 days (off by 6 hours) • Medicine • Architecture

  38. Objective 7 Religion/Culture • Thousands of gods • Gods have animal and human qualities • Gods & goddesses • Relatively egalitarian • Believe in afterlife • Heaven & Hell • Mummification • Pyramids & Temples

  39. Objective 8 Social • Social Stratification • Limited opportunity for social mobility • Slavery common • Women have more rights • Could own property, propose marriage, and demand a divorce

  40. Objective 5 Ancient India & China

  41. Objective 7-8 Indus River Valley • Cities emerge around 2500 BCE • Culturally unified city-states • Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro • Mysterious ending • Environmental degradation vs. Aryan invasion

  42. Objective 7-8 Indus River Valley • Polytheistic religion • Influenced Hinduism • Planned cities with large temples • Undecipherable writing system • Advanced technology • Plumbing systems

  43. Indus River Valley http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n7ndRwqJYDM&list=PLBDA2E52FB1EF80C9&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mode=1&safe=active

  44. Objective 7-8 Ancient China • Developed in isolation along the Huang He (Yellow) River • Shang dynasty emerged c. 1500 BCE • Warlike kings & landed aristocracy dominate • Cities surrounded by massive earthen walls

  45. Objective 7-8 Ancient China • Chinese Society • Family at center of society • Extended-family structure • Women were subordinate • Chinese Culture • Believed spirits of family ancestors could bring good fortune or disaster • Oracle bones (right) • Bronze & silk

  46. Objective 7-8 Dynastic Cycle Mandate of Heaven—Rulers are chose to rule by heaven and will continue to rule as long as heaven is pleased; if heaven is not pleased, heaven will pass the mandate to another family

  47. Objective 7-8 The Olmec • Olmec emerge in Mesoamerica c.1400-400 BCE • Olmec zone is dense tropical forest

  48. Objective 7-8 Olmec Government & Society • Several city-states with common culture • Social Hierarchy • Highest rank is that of the chief • Dominated by landed aristocracy • Laborers forced to build temples, palaces, and drainage canals

  49. Objective 7-8 Olmec Religion • Polytheistic • Deities blended male & female, animal & human characteristics • Feathered-serpent god (right) • Shamans organized religious life • Religion led to development of writing system and calendar

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