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Ruination to Revitalization: Rebuilding a War-Torn City in Baghdad. Christopher L. Allen Georgia Tech City and Regional Planning Graduate Student. CONTENTS. Baghdad: Historical Context Perspective from Saydiyah Lines of Effort Security Economics Essential Services Governance
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Ruination to Revitalization: Rebuilding a War-Torn City in Baghdad Christopher L. Allen Georgia Tech City and Regional Planning Graduate Student
CONTENTS • Baghdad: Historical Context • Perspective from Saydiyah • Lines of Effort • Security • Economics • Essential Services • Governance • Obstacles and Constraints • Lasting Effects • Lessons Learned
BAGHDAD: MODERN CONTEXT • OIF Post-Surge, 2007. • U.S. COIN Strategy shift • 2LT Allen deployment
PERSPECTIVE FROM SAYDIYAH • Pop: ~40,000 • Majority Ba’athist community • 2007: sectarian violence • Jan 2008: abandonment • Rashid District • Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs), squatters
LINES OF EFFORT SECURITY STABILITY ECONOMICS ESSENTIAL SERVICES GOVERNANCE
SECURITY • Weapons trafficking, insurgents • T-Wall Solution • Joint U.S./Iraqi Army patrols • Iraqi National Police Checkpoints within walls • Sons & Daughters of Iraq: local concerned citizens
ECONOMICS • Micro-Grants • Fruit and Fish Market project • Rafidain Bank Reopening • Job Creation
ESSENTIAL SERVICES • Education • Clinic • Roads • Sewers • Trash management • Power generation
GOVERNANCE • Reconciliation • Support Council: “unelected” body, local sheiks • Balance of power • Primary function: Resettlement
OBSTACLES AND CONSTRAINTS • Culture gap • Language barrier • Enemy threat • Weather & Climate • Training • Collective Benefit • Adjudicating legitimacy: Iraqi-led
LASTING EFFECTS • Saydiyah set the standard • January 2010: 7,200 families reintegrated • Gradual drawdown, return to normalcy • Over $1 Million dollars invested • Sporadic sectarian & insurgency violence • 31 December 2011: U.S. Withdrawal out of Iraq
LESSONS LEARNED • Citizen input CRUCIAL • No perfect 100% solution • Quality of life significantly improved • No “one best way” • All military objectives accomplished despite obstacles • Outside agency support • Transition to Iraqi control • Deliberate analysis