Animal Kingdom continued

2. Animal Kingdom continued • Flatworms (Platyhelminthes) • Includes Planaria, tapeworms, flukes • Bilaterally symmetrical • Three embryonic tissues = endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm • No body cavity, mesoderm muscle inside • Blind digestive track shown here • Most are parasitic and are economically important

3. Flatworms and Cnidarians differ in symmetry, with flat worms being ___________ and cnidarians being __________. • Radial, asymmetrical • Radial, bilateral • Bilateral, radial • Asymmetrical, bilateral

4. Flatworm - tapeworm • Parasitic – 2 hosts • Whitish in color • Absorbs nutrients through outer body wall • Each reproductive unit can have 100,000 eggs inside • Humans can get by eating under cooked meat

5. Partial or Pseudocoelom True Coelom

6. Round Worms (Nematoda) • Very common – 99% of us have been hosts to some sort of round worm in our life time • Bilateral, 3 tissues • Body cavity between mesoderm & endoderm

7. In soil, vinegar (eels), rotting fruits & veggies, parasitic • Complete digestive track • Muscles along body wall (from mesoderm) allow for whole body movement back and forth • Range in size -1 mm to > 1 m Body is covered by a cuticle that keeps it from desiccating

9. segmented worms - Annelids • Earthworms, leeches, various marine polychaetes such as fire worm • 3 tissues, true body cavity or coelom • Body is segmented into repeating units, which enable the animals to move by stretching and contracting segments • Complete digestive system, brain and nerve chord, circulatory system has 5 pumping tube rings • Polychaetes have a pair of fleshy appendages per segment

10. Annelid variety – parasites, filter feeders, and taking organic material from soil

13. Mollusca • Snails, slugs, clams, scallops, oysters, octopus, squid, cuttlefish, etc. • Good eating! • Bilateral symmetry, 3 true tissues • True coelom – totally surrounded by muscle (mesoderm); internal organs have muscles like gut and circulatory system as well as outer body wall – complete digestive track • Body = head and foot • Some of the most intelligent invertebrates

14. True body cavity or coelom – muscle surrounds gut, blood vessels, etc. Brain, nerves and sensory organs Snails – hermaphrodites – both are male to each other’s female organs when 2 mate Terrestrial snails and slugs use mucus secretions to keep body surface moist

15. Some are highly Intelligent • http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_detailpage&v=GQwJXvlTWDw

16. Match picture to group 1 A. Nematode B. Flatworm - Platyhelminthes C. Cnidaria D. Sponge - Porifera 2 3 4

18. Wonderful diversity in this group

19. Arthropods con’t • Very large group – about ¾ of all known species • 3 tissues, true body cavity or coelom • Brain and ventral nerve cord • tube body is consolidated into different body regions, such as head, thorax and abdomen of insect • Appendages have become modified in different ways during course of evolution 1st 5 – head & mouthparts, next 3 thorax & legs, last segments – abdomen, ovipositor, penis

21. Economically important group • Disease transmission in human, pet, livestock, crop • Predators – lower pest populations • Consume our crops, but also pollinate crops • Source of food for many • Unique level of social organization in some

22. honeybees • Live in groups or colonies • Queen plus her daughters • Cells contain stored pollen and nectar and brood • Trophallaxis and communication • Colony cycle

25. Echinodermscon’t • 3 tissues, true coelom • Their embryological development sets them apart from the other invertebrates. • They develop backwards orientation from other invertebrates – similar to vertebrate animals • So this makes them the most similar to vertebrate animals

26. Match picture to group 1 A. Nematode B. Annelida – Segmented worm C. Echinodermata D. Sponge - Porifera 2 3 4

27. Which embryonic layer creates the body cavity or True coelom? • Mesoderm • Ectoderm • Endoderm

30. Tunicates

31. Two tissues, no coelom true coelom no coelom 3 tissues true coelom Review partial coelom