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Medical School Histology Basics Digestive System

Medical School Histology Basics Digestive System. VIBS 289 lab. Larry Johnson Texas A&M University. Objectives.

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Medical School Histology Basics Digestive System

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  1. Medical School Histology Basics Digestive System VIBS 289 lab Larry Johnson Texas A&M University

  2. Objectives To understand the general organization of organs of the digestive system and how they function to obtain metabolites necessary for growth and energy for the body, yet maintain a barrier between the environment and the internal milieu of the body To identify and describe functions of cellular structures, cells, and groups of cells in the digestive system.

  3. Function of the Digestive System Movement of food Secretion of digestive juices Absorption of digested foods, water, and electrolytes

  4. Adaptation of G.I. Tract for Specific Function FunctionOrgan Simple passage from one part Esophagus to another Storage of food or feces Stomach or distal colon Digestion Stomach, small intestine Absorption of end products Small intestine, proximal colon

  5. 32409 Small intestine Large intestine Small intestine

  6. 32409 General Structure of the Digestive Tract Epithelium Lamina propria Muscularis mucosa Submucosa Muscularis externa Serosa

  7. Small intestine 146 General Structure of the Digestive Tract Epithelium Lamina propria Submucosa Muscularis externa Serosa 32409 Small intestine

  8. Large intestine 153 General Structure of the Digestive Tract Epithelium Lamina propria Muscularis mucosa Submucosa Muscularis externa Large intestine Stomach 145

  9. Large intestine Mesothelium Muscularis externa 153 145 153 Stomach Muscularis externa Inner, thicker circular layer Outer longitudinal layer of the muscularis externa Serosa

  10. Histo 51 Filiform Papillae Non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium. Skeletal muscle, Mucus and Serous glands,

  11. FILIFORM PAPILLAE

  12. Slide #12 (1101). Tongue, rabbit. Filiform papillae Skeletal muscle Foliate papillae that possess Taste buds Serous glands

  13. Esophagus Non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium. Histo 29 Muscularis externa Sub-mucosal glands Skeletal muscle

  14. 137 Esophagus – skeletal and smooth muscle epithelium Lamina propria Muscularis mucosa Submucosa Muscularis externa Serosa

  15. Esophagus Sub-mucosal 242 Mucus and Serous glands Submucosa Lamina propria Muscularis mucosa Non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium Skeletal muscle, Muscularis externa If outer layer is not covered by mesothelium = adventitia Submucosa Perichondrium

  16. 137 Esophagus Muscularis externa of the upperesophagus is composed mostly of skeletal muscle The muscularis externa in middle to lower esophagus is composed mostly of smooth muscle.

  17. 437 Cardio-esophageal junction Sratified squamous Luminal epithelium changes from stratified squamous to simple columnar epithelium in the cardiac region

  18. The stomach have no goblet cells, no brush border on surface cells, and no villi.

  19. Dog cross section of body Stomach Liver Pancreas Esophagus Intestine

  20. 145 Fundic stomach Mucosa Antibody-producing plasma cells Gastric pits Submucosa Ganglion cells of the Auerbach's plexus regulate the muscularis externa Submucosa Ganglion cells of the Meissner's plexus regulates muscularis mucosa Muscularis externa

  21. 145 Fundic stomach Surface mucous cells Mucous neck cells Gastric pits and gastric glands Chief cells and parietal cells Enteroendocrine cells

  22. Mucus neck cells Fundic stomach, rabbit (toluidine blue) 244 Enteroendocrine cells Chief cells Parietal cell

  23. Chief cell Enteroendocrine cell Parietal cells

  24. EM 15 Parietal cell produces • HCl • Bicarbonate • Intrinsic factor for vitamin B12 absorption by gut: needed in red blood cell formation

  25. 243 Fundic stomach, monkey (PAS) Mucous neck cells Parietal cells Chief cells Enteroendocrine cells Surface mucous cells

  26. 244 Fundic stomach, rabbit (toluidine blue) Parietal cells Gastric pits Surface mucous cells Mucous neck cells Lumen Enteroendocrine cells Lumen

  27. PAS H&E Surface mucus cells EM 16 • Granules of surface mucous cells • Mitochondria • Nuclei • Lumen Toluidine blue

  28. Large granules of chief cell Granules of an argentaffin cell EM 14 • Large granules of chief cell • Granules of an argentaffin cell • Lamina propria • Nuclei

  29. 141 Pyloric stomach, monkey (PAS) Pyloric glands Pyloric glands of the stomach contain mucous cells Surface mucus cells

  30. 147 Pyloroduodenal junction, baboon Intestine Lymphoid nodule Stomach Muscularis mucosa Muscularis externa Lamina propria

  31. 147 Pyloroduodenal junction, baboon Submucosa Gastric glands Stomach Muscularis mucosa Muscularis externa Gastric pits Intestine Villi Lamina propria Crypts of Lieberkühn (intestinal glands). Stomach intestine Junction Goblet cells and intestinal absorptive cells with a brush border

  32. 146 Duodenum, monkey Goblet and absorptive cells, Enteroendocrine cell Crypts of Lieberkühn Muscularis mucosa Lamina propria. Submucosa Submucosal Brunner's glands.

  33. 152 Duodenum Absorptive cells Brunner’s glands Goblet cells Paneth cell Enteroendocrine cell Intestinal villus

  34. Mucus of goblet cells and the carbohydrates in the brush border are PAS positive for sugars 447 Small intestine Intestinal villus Intestinal absorptive cell Brush border Macrophages Intestinal absorptive cell Brush border Goblet cells Central lacteal 249 PAS

  35. EM 17 Basal portion of intestinal absorptive cell • Plasma cell • Lymphocyte • Smooth muscle • Intestinal absorptive cell • Macrophage • Lumen of capillary • Pericyte of capillary

  36. Goblet cell EM 4. Apical portion of intestinal absorptive cell • Microvilli of brush border • Droplets of goblet cell • Terminal web • Lipid in SER • lumen

  37. Basal portion of intestinal absorptive cell • Mitochondria • Nuclei of intestinal absorptive cell • Smooth muscle of muscularis mucosa • Basal lamina

  38. EM 4b Brush border of intestinal absorptive cells Mitochondria

  39. EM 4c Intestinal absorptive cells in cytoplasm just above the nucleus Nucleus

  40. Epithelium Smooth muscle cells Meissner’s plexus cell bodies 32409 (Auerbach's plexus) Nerve cell bodies

  41. 152 Duodenum (small intestine) Auerbach's plexus, found in between the circular and longitudinal smooth muscle layers in small intestine Auerbach's plexus Nerve cell bodies

  42. 148 Meissner’s plexus cell bodies in submucosa Ileum Paneth cell Submucosa Small intestinal villi

  43. 250 Argentaffin cells of Ileum, monkey Enteroendocrine cells also called Argentaffin cells Paneth cell

  44. Compare luminal surfaces of the small and large intestines NO Villi small intestines Villi large intestines

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