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Caspian Sea Region and Oil. A modern Silk Road or The next conflict zone?. Caspian Sea Region-Historical Background. Spread of Islam. Mongol Empire . Ottoman Empire. The Caucasus. Chechnya. Conflict in Chechnya.
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Caspian Sea Region and Oil A modern Silk Road or The next conflict zone?
Conflict in Chechnya • Mid 19th Century: mid Caucasian wars with Russian Empire. 50 years to subdue Chechens • Sufism • Bolshevik Revolution: promised autonomy • Soviets: NOT. 1944: 100,000 Chechens (along with 7 other ethnic groups deported to Kazakstan) • Repression of Islam in USSR, but not in Chechnya • Wahhabism-linked to Bin Laden • 1994-1996 war: stalemate • 1999: war resurfaces due to bombings in Moscow (politically determined?) • Young Russian conscripts • Enormous devastation and ruthlessness by Russia
Russia’s motivation for persistence • Nationalism • 1st domino in potential string of secessions: • Dagestan, Ingushetia, Osettia, Tatarstan in north • Fear of Islamic world • Would allow development of another Islamic state on its frontier • Wahhabism and political Islams • Oil: • Oil + Gas= 40% of Russian export value • = 44% of gov’t revenues