1 / 45

Structure of Flowering Plants

Structure of Flowering Plants. You need to know details on…. 1. Structure & function of root and shoot systems. 2. Root zonations and all outer stem parts. 3. Meristem function / location in root & shoot. 4. Location of 3 tissue types in transverse and long sections of root and stem.

mule
Download Presentation

Structure of Flowering Plants

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Structure of Flowering Plants

  2. You need to know details on… 1. Structure & function of root and shoot systems 2. Root zonations and all outer stem parts 3. Meristem function / location in root & shoot 4. Location of 3 tissue types in transverse and long sections of root and stem 5. Xylem & Phloem structure and function 6. Distinguish between Moncots and Dicots 7. Mandatory Activity….TS Dicot stem

  3. 3.2.1 Objectives 1 Label a diagram of the external parts of a typical flowering plant Shoot, root, stem, leaves, flower, fruit, seed. 2 State the function of the root and shoot 3 Identify tap and fibrous root systems • Explain the term Meristem and give its location in the stem and root • Name and give the function of four zones in a longitudinal section of a root

  4. State the function of Vascular Tissue • Give the location of three tissue types, Dermal, Ground and Vascular, in transverse sections of the of the root and stem and leaf • Give the location of three tissue types, Dermal, Ground and Vascular, in longitudinal sections of the root and stem. 9 Identify and draw the structure of Xylem and Phloem and state their function  10 Distinguish between Xylem Vessels and Xylem tracheids, and between Phloem Sieve Tube Cells and Companion Cells

  5. Identify Monocots and Dicots under the Headings Number of flower parts Vein pattern in leaf Arrangement of Vascular Bundles Number of Cotyledons in the seed Woody or Herbaceous 12 Mandatory Practical: Prepare and examine a transverse section of a Dicot stem under the microscope

  6. What Flowering Plant typically have 1. Transport (Vascular) Structures 2. Roots 3. Stems 4. Leafs 5. Flowers 6. Fruits & Seeds

  7. Plants are divided into two portions Over ground shoot system Under ground root system

  8. Meristem An area of active cell division Apical meristems tip of the shoot and tip of the root give an increase in length Lateral meristems around the edges of some plants give an ìncrease in width

  9. Root Functions Anchor the plant Absorb Water Absorb minerals Transport absorbed materials to shoot Common error = roots absorb food Why is this wrong? Store food - sometimes

  10. Two Root Types 1. Tap Roots One main root growingfrom the radicle of seed eg Carrot 2. Fibrous Roots Many equal sized roots arising from stem base eg grass

  11. Extra note on Root Types Adventitious Roots Develop from parts of stem or leaf (not radicle) Stem cuttings develop roots Ivy stems develop roots to cling to walls/absorb water

  12. Four Root Zones Differentiation Zone Elongation Zone Meristematic Zone Protection Zone Root Cap

  13. Root Zones Protection Zone A root cap protects the cells as the root pushes through the soil

  14. Root Zones Meristematic Zone Here new cells are produced by mitosis divisions

  15. Root Zones Elongation Zone Here cells increase in length (size)

  16. Root Zones Differentiation Zone Cells change into 3 different types • Dermal tissue 2. Ground Tissue 3. Vascular tissue

  17. Dermal tissue • (protection) • 2. Ground Tissue • fills interior • storage • photosynthesis • 3. Vascular tissue • – transport – • xylem - water /minerals • phloem - food

  18. Learning Check 1 1. Name the two types of root system 2. Explain the term Meristem 3. Name the four zones in a root 4. What is the function of the root cap ?

  19. Tissue location in the root (transverse section) Dermal Tissue Xylem Vascular Tissue Phloem Ground Tissue

  20. Tissue location in the root(transverse section) Dermal Tissue Xylem Vascular Tissue Phloem Ground Tissue

  21. Tissue location in the root(transverse section)(Center part of root) Xylem Vascular Tissue Phloem Ground Tissue

  22. Tissue location in the root (Longitudinal section) Dermal Tissue Ground Tissue Vascular Tissue Ground Tissue Dermal Tissue

  23. Stem Functions 1. Support the arial parts of the plant 2. Transport water and minerals from roots to leafs 3. Transport food from leafs to roots 4. Sometimes store food

  24. Function of outer stem parts Terminal Bud Increase stem length Lateral Bud Grow side branches Lenticels Gas exchange

  25. A= Terminal Bud B= Leaf Scar Year3 C= Scale Scar Year2 D= Lateral Bud Year1 Lenticels

  26. Tissue location in stem(Transverse section) Dermal Tissue Xylem Vascular Tissue Phloem Ground Tissue

  27. Tissue location in stem( Longitudinal section) Dermal Ground Vascular Ground Vascular Ground Dermal

  28. Tissue location in stem( Longitudinal section) Dermal Ground Vascular Ground Dermal

  29. Learning Check 2 ….. Label the diagram

  30. Leaf parts Some leaves do not have a petiole(They are called sessile leaves) Veins contain the vascular tissue Also called lamina

  31. Leaf Functions 1. Photosynthesis 2. Transpiration 3. Gas exchange 4. Sometimes store food

  32. Tissue Location in the Leaf Dermal Tissue Ground Tissue Vascular Tissue Dermal Tissue

  33. Flower Function Sexual Reproduction To make seeds

  34. Transport water • Transport minerals Transportfood Vascular Tissue 1. Xylem (inner) Function 2. Phloem (outer) Function

  35. Xylem Structure….Two types of Cell Xylem Tracheids Xylem Vessels On maturity both are dead, hollow and contain no cytoplasm Found in conifers Found in deciduous trees

  36. Xylem Tracheid Structure Long cells tapered at both ends Pits in the walls – allow water andminerals to move sideways from cell to cell Walls thickened with lignin for support

  37. Xylem Vessels Structure Elongated cells Spiral lignin for strength No end walls – form a continuous tube Pits to allow sideways movement of water

  38. 1. Sieve tube cells 2 Companion Cells Phloem Structure Mature cells have no nucleus Sieve plates Nucleus controls activities ofboth companion and sieve tube cell Cytoplasm extendsfrom cell to cell through thesieve plate

  39. Phloem Longitudinal and Transverse sections

  40. Example of Monocot and Dicot Dicot Monocot Buttercup Grass

  41. Differences between Monocots & Dicots

  42. Identification of Monocots & Dicots

  43. Dicot stem TS Monocot stem TS vascular bundles Arranged– in ring Scattered vascular bundles

  44. Learning Check 3 1. State two functions of a leaf 2. Distinguish between xylem vessels and xylem tracheids 3. What is the role of the companion cell in phloem tissue 4. How is a transverse section of a monocot stem different to the TS of a Dicot stem ?

  45. EndThanks to the PDST Biology Support Team for producing the excellent 2011 resources DVD

More Related