The New Republic and the May Fourth Movement

1. The New Republic and the May Fourth Movement

5. The 1911 Revolution • Mutiny by the modern army • Provinces declare independence from the Qing • Establishment of The Republic of China • Sun Yatsen the first president • Power taken over by Yuan Shikai • Former Qing official • 1916 Beijing loses control of the rest of the country

6. The May Fourth Movement1) A political movement • Imperialist pressure on China from 19th C • Pressure from Japan • 1894 Japan defeats China in war to control Korea • 1904 Japan defeats Russia in war to control Manchuria • 1914 Outbreak of war in Europe • Japan joins Allies and captures the German concession of Qingdao

8. 1918 Treaty of Versailles gave Qingdao to Japan → Fury in China → Student demonstrations in Beijing →arrests → Protests spread to other cities

11. A Social and Cultural Movement • Political change has failed → need to change the way people think → attack Confucianism, especially • Arranged marriages • Position of women • New literature • To teach the new ideas to the people

12. Chen Duxiu and Hu Shi

13. Lu Xun

14. Political Change • New political ideas enter China • Student study groups • Interest in political ideologies and scientific thinking • Founding of the Chinese Communist Party

15. The May Fourth Movement in Chinese History • Inspired a new generation of leaders • Frequent commemoration • History still problematic in China