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RENAISSANCE. 1400 to 1650 Classical texts, architecture, and art rediscovered Change in philosophical viewpoints takes place Emphasis on humanism Principles of art & art theories developed by Leon Battista Alberti. Michelangelo, Piet à , 1499. Humanism and Art.
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RENAISSANCE • 1400 to 1650 • Classical texts, architecture, and art rediscovered • Change in philosophical viewpoints takes place • Emphasis on humanism • Principles of art & art theories developed by Leon Battista Alberti
Humanism and Art • The human body is studied; artists such as Leonardo da Vinci perform anatomical studies • Shift in representation of humans in art • Body viewed as proportional and harmonious • Religious topics now countered by other topics in art
Representation of Human Form • Weight shift • Anatomy and musculature understood • Realistic sense of mass • 3-dimensional • Body an object of aesthetic beauty • Close observation of nature
The Creation of Adam, ceiling (detail) of Sistine Chapel, 1508-1512
Christ as Judge at the Last Judgment(detail of Sistine Chapel)
Taddeo Gaddi, Madonna and Child Enthroned with Angels and Saints, 1355
Cimabue, Madonna and Child Enthroned,second half of 13th century
Filippo Brunelleschi, Dome of the Cathedral of Florence, 1420-1436
Linear Perspective • Canvas no longer appears “flat” • Illusion of 3D world on a 2D surface • Mathematical ordering of space • Vanishing point • Light and shadow • Atmospheric perspective
Role of Artist in Society • Artist as intellectual • Rose socially in Italian society • Elevation of other classes helped, e.g., banking families such as the Medici • Belonged to guilds • Often poets, architects, mathematicians and philosophers
School of Athens, detail (Pythagoras, representing Arithmetic)
Rafael, Self portrait, detail of School of Athens, 1510-1511