Information Processing

1. Information Processing

3. Sensory Input • What would be the senses that would be stimulated by the receptors? • Vision, hearing and proprioception (TKE) • Touch – feeling pressure/pain Example? • Kinaesthesis – know how the movement should ‘feel’. Example? • Equilibrium – knowing how balanced you are, information generated by the middle ear. Example? Who would use this a lot?

4. Display • Everything in the surroundings or environment • Some of this information will stimulate the sensory system of the performer. • What would be the display for a footballer?

6. So how would all those sensory input factors link together for a Tennis Player ? • Vision • Hearing • Proprioception

7. Perception and the DCR Process • This process interprets and makes sense of the information received • It has 3 elements: • DETECTION: the brain detects the stimulus is present • COMPARISON: the brain compares the stimuli to the long-term memory • RECOGNITION: the stimulus is matched/recognised to one stored in the long-term memory

8. Player in rugby • Detection- other player who is coming towards you. • Comparison – Compare this to what happened the last time you went towards the player. • Recognition – The stimulus is matched to being smashed into the floor.

9. How could you apply the DCR process to our Tennis Player ?

10. Memory • Our memory plays an important role in the perceptual and decision making processes. • Why? • Short-term sensory store (STSS) • Short-term memory (STM) • Long-term memory (LTM

12. Short-term sensory store (STSS) • (0.25-1sec) • Large capacity and decides what information is important and it attends to that. • Other information is quickly lost. • Could attend to crowd. • Could attend noise. • Could attend to spin on ball. • Sprinter attend to the gun. ( simple so low perceptual load, so can attend to the gun) Dependant on experience

13. Decision Making (Translatory Mechanism) • Once the information has been interpreted a response now needs to be selected and put into action. • What decision could our tennis player have made? • The action will be in the form of a ‘MOTOR PROGRAMME’

14. What decisions could our player make?

15. Football

16. Effector Mechanism / Effector • The motor programme is put into action by sending impulses via the nervous system to the muscles to carry out the action • The movement is then performed

17. Feedback • From the proprioceptors / feel of the movement • Example? • Experienced performers use it to adjust their movements • Beginners use it to learn the ‘feel’ of the movement • From external sources • What could they be? • Received by visual/auditory senses • Used to augment intrinsic feedback • Important for beginners as intrinsic feedback is limited INTRINSIC EXTRINSIC

18. Serial and Parallel Processing • Serial Processing • When information is processed in stages. • Goes in a sequence. • Trampoline sequence • Jump • Turn • Straddle jump • Swivel hips

19. Parallel Processing • When information is processed at the same time i.e. received a pass. • Following process at the same time. • Height of ball • Speed of ball • Direction • Position • Position of opposition

20. Practical application of information process system. • Try and complete the boxes related to one movement. • Remember this happens over and over again. Start with display