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Exploring Bony Fish: Anatomy, Coloration, and Locomotion

Discover the fascinating world of bony fishes, from the ancient Ceolacanths to the colorful reef fish. Learn about their unique anatomy, coloration strategies, and fluid locomotion techniques that help them thrive underwater.

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Exploring Bony Fish: Anatomy, Coloration, and Locomotion

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  1. The Bony Fishes

  2. Ceolacanths: Lobed finned fishes

  3. Ceolacanths: Lobed finned fishes • Ceolacanths are relics of an evolutionary line that gave rise to the tetrapods, or land vertebrates. • Previously known only from fossils till the first living specimen was discovered in 1938. (Latimeria chalumnae). • Fins are attached by fleshy lobes.

  4. Ceolacanths: Lobed finned fishes

  5. Ray-Finned Fishes • Their fins are attached to the body by fin rays rather than fleshy lobes. • Most numerous and dominant group of vertebrates in the ocean.

  6. Bony Fish Anatomy • Median fins: Dorsal, caudal, and anal fins. Help to maintain a fish’s stability while swimming. • Paired fins: Pectoral and pelvic fins. Used in steering, and stabilization.

  7. Fish Colorization • Counter shading: the fishes back is colored dark, and fades to white on the belly. • When viewed from above the dark blends in with the surrounding water, when viewed from below the white belly blends in with the surface.

  8. Disruptive coloration • Disruptive Coloration: often found in reef fish. Breaks up the pattern. Often times a line will transect the eye. • Makes it more difficult for predators to see or attack the fish.

  9. Cryptic Coloration • Cryptic Coloration: “camouflaging” used to avoid predation.

  10. Poster Colors and Aposematic Coloration • Poster colors: bright showy color patterns that may advertise territorial ownership, aid in foraging individuals to keep in contact, or for sexual displays. • Aposematic coloration: Warning colors advertising to predators that to venomous or spiny to be worth eating.

  11. Locomotion in Bony Fishes

  12. Locomotion in Bony Fishes • The trunk muscles of fishes are arranged as a series of W-shaped bands. • These muscles contract in sequence from anterior to posterior and alternately form one side of the body to the other • By pushing the body against the water, the fish is propelled forward.

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