1 State Agency for Prevention of Alcohol Related Problems (PARPA), Poland;

1. CONTEXT OF DAILY DRINKING IN 18 EUROPEAN COUNTRIES. FINDINGS OF THE RARHA SEAS PROJECTKatarzynaOkulicz-Kozaryn1, Marta Zin-Sędek1, Sylwia Bedyńska2, GeirScott Brunborg3 1 State Agency for Prevention of Alcohol Related Problems (PARPA), Poland; 2 SWPS University, Poland; 3 Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Norway

2. Background • The Joint Action on Reducing Alcohol Related Harm (RARHA) was coordinated by thePortuguese governmental agency SICAD • It consisted of three core work packages (WPs), including WP4 – strengthening the monitoring of drinking patterns and alcohol related harm across EU countries. • In a frame of the WP4 task 2 the epidemiological assessment of drinking patterns and harm across the EU was conducted. • It covered different aspects of alcohol related problems:

3. Objective • analyzing cross-national differences in the context of drinking among alcohol consumers who drink most frequently (almost daily).

4. Methods • In 19 countries, 20 Standardized European Alcohol Surveys (SEAS) were conducted (N= 31.385). • Questions on the context of drinking were asked in 18 surveys

5. alcohol drinking at least 5 days per week

6. Method • The two-step cluster analysis - Exploratory statistical tool designed to identify clusters of similar cases adequate for not continuous variables • Variables (5-point scales: never in the past year – almost daily) • drinking with a meal, • at home, • in pub/bar, • with family, • with friends, • alone • Results displayed separately for each site • No fixed number of clusters

7. Italy Family drinkers– most often drink daily at home, with meals and with family members; rarely – alone Social drinkers– often drink at home but also in a pub/bar restaurant, in company of family members and/or friends; rarely - alone

8. Croatia

9. Greece

10. Spain

11. Portugal ! Social drinkers– drink more often than in Croatia, Greece, Italy and Spain

12. Spain - Catalonia

13. Denmark Family drinkers– most often drink daily at home, with meals and with family members; rarely – alone Mix drinkers– most often drink at home but also in pubs/bars, etc., in different social situations; also alone

14. Norway

15. Sweden

16. Estonia Solitary drinkers– most often drink alone at home, sometimes with a meal and/or in company of family members Mix drinkers– drink at home but also in pubs/bars, in different social situations but also alone

17. UK Private drinkers– most often drink at home, usually with meals, often with friends, family members or alone; rarely in pubs/bars Mix drinkers– drink at home but also in pubs/bars, in different social situations but also alone

18. Hungary Moderate social drinkers– most often drink at home but also in social situations but rarely in pubs/bars, etc.

19. Poland Private drinkers– do not drink in pubs, bars, restaurants, clubs

20. Romania

21. Bulgaria Mix drinkers– drink at home but also in pubs/bars, in different social situations but also alone

22. France

25. Cluster of almost daily drinkers across survey sites

26. Almost daily drinkers

27. Conclusions • Most prevalent across EU is frequent drinking at home, with meals and in company of family members (family drinking) observed in all but four countries (Romania, Poland, UK and Estonia). • Social drinking is typical for Southern countries, while in Northern Europe drinking in social situations co-occurs with drinking alone (mix drinking).