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EXERCISE 19: BRAIN AND CRANIAL NERVES

EXERCISE 19: BRAIN AND CRANIAL NERVES. http://www.vision.caltech.edu/feifeili/101_ObjectCategories/brain/image_0026.jpg. FOREBRAIN. MIDBRAIN. HINDBRAIN. CEREBRUM. Transverse Fissure. ON PARIETAL LOBE Primary somatosensory area. ON FRONTAL LOBE Primary motor area.

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EXERCISE 19: BRAIN AND CRANIAL NERVES

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  1. EXERCISE 19: BRAIN AND CRANIAL NERVES http://www.vision.caltech.edu/feifeili/101_ObjectCategories/brain/image_0026.jpg

  2. FOREBRAIN MIDBRAIN HINDBRAIN

  3. CEREBRUM Transverse Fissure

  4. ON PARIETAL LOBE Primary somatosensory area ON FRONTAL LOBE Primary motor area

  5. Cortex (superficial) is gray matterWhite matter is deeper

  6. DIENCEPHALON= thalamus + hypothalamus

  7. Sensory Nerve Attachments Optic nerves: to eyes Optic chiasm: cross Optic tracts: to brain

  8. Endocrine Attachments Pineal Gland

  9. MIDBRAIN CORPORA QUADRIGEMINA

  10. HINDBRAIN

  11. HINDBRAIN--cerebellum

  12. MENINGES Same setup as spinal cord— Dura mater most superficial, Arachnoid, Pia mater closest to brain

  13. CHOROID PLEXUSES Specialized capillaries in ventricles Produce CSF—Circulates from here to central canal (s. cord) & around outside of brain/cord too

  14. CRANIAL NERVES 12 pairs Connect to brain: CN I cerebrum CN II thalamus CN III-XII brain stem O O O T T A F V G V A H S S M M B M B S B B M M Nerve names: Nerve functions:

  15. CN I: OLFACTORY • SENSORY • Smell • From olfactory epithelium • Olfactory nerve-bulb-tract • (Cribriform foramina of ethmoid) 14-21

  16. CN II: OPTIC • SENSORY • From retina • Optic nerve-chiasm-tract • (Optic canal-sphenoid) 14-22

  17. CN III: OCULOMOTOR • Mostly MOTOR • To eye muscles • (superior orbital fissures-sphenoid) 14-22

  18. CN IV: TROCHLEAR • Mostly MOTOR • To superior oblique eye muscles • (superior orbital fissures-sphenoid) 14-22

  19. CN V: TRIGEMINAL • Mixed (sensory and motor) • Ophthalmic Branch • Sensory-orbital, upper face structures • Maxillary Branch • Sensory-lower face structures • Mandibular Branch • Mixed-mouth

  20. 14-24

  21. CN VI: ABDUCENS • Mostly motor • To lateral rectus eye muscles • (superior orbital fissure) 14-23

  22. CN VII: FACIAL • Mixed • To parts of face • Expressions, tear/salivary glands 14-25

  23. CN VIII: VESTIBULOCOCHLEAR • Sensory, from inner ear • Vestibular branch • Balance, equilibrium • Cochlear branch • Hearing 14-26

  24. CN IX: GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL • Mixed to head and neck • Sensory: posterior tongue • Motor: pharyngeal muscles (swallowing), salivary gland 14-27

  25. CN X: VAGUS • Mixed to visceral organs, larynx, pharynx • Sensory: ear, diaphragm, organs • Motor: pharynx, digestive, respiratory, cardiovascular systems 14-28

  26. CN XI: ACCESSORY • Mostly motor • To muscles of neck, upper back • Cranial root • Fibers originate in medulla • Spinal root • Some motor fibers originate in spinal cord • Join at foramen magnum 14-29

  27. CN XII: HYPOGLOSSAL • Mostly motor • To tongue muscles 14-29

  28. CRANIAL NERVES

  29. Sheep Brain Dissections • http://www.gwc.maricopa.edu/class/bio201/brain/brshpx.htm • http://www.biology.ualberta.ca/courses.hp/zoo.225/lab8.html • http://darwin.baruch.cuny.edu/gelfond/Bio1005/neural.htm • http://a-s.clayton.edu/biology/biol1151L/lab10/lab_10.htm

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