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African Independence Movements

African Independence Movements . Ghana, Kenya, Morocco, Tunsia , Algeria . British Gold Coast Becomes Ghana. United Gold Coast Convention- African leaders wanted self governess, “as soon as possible” Peaceful demonstrations – British fired on them, rioting broke out.

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African Independence Movements

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  1. African Independence Movements Ghana, Kenya, Morocco, Tunsia, Algeria

  2. British Gold Coast Becomes Ghana • United Gold Coast Convention- African leaders wanted self governess, “as soon as possible” • Peaceful demonstrations – British fired on them, rioting broke out. • Convention Peoples Party – created by Kwame Nkrumah – • wanted self governess “right now!” • Believed in Pan Africanism- “a movement for the political union of all the African nations” • Independence came on March 6, 1957 • Nkrumah broke many of his promises and became a dictator after winning initial elections. • His government was overthrown in 1966- he lived in exile until his death in 1972.

  3. Kenya: A violent road to Independence • Fighting between the minority of white cash crop growing farmers and Kikuyu led to a civil war the British could not control • The Kikuyu tribe saw the land as theirs • Mau Mau – a violent movement that “terrorized” white farmers and any of their African supporters. • Leader: Jomo Kenyatta • British eventually dissolved this group through murder, torture and prison sentences but also realized they could no longer control Kenya and gave them their independence on December 12, 1963.

  4. France: Morocco and Tunisia • France could not manage independence movements in Morocco, Tunisia and Algeria all at the same time. • France had a larger population of settlers in Algeria to fight for so they granted Morocco and Tunisia their independence in 1956.

  5. French Algeria • By 1950 home to 1 million European settlers • This group owned the best land and dominated politics • 1954- National Liberation Front is formed by Africans – fight against the French using Guerilla Warfare • Algeria gained their independence in 1962 • Over a million settlers fled

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