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External Structures of Dog Fish Shark

External Structures of Dog Fish Shark. Ms. Hays – Spring 2014. External Nares (Nostrils). Pair of openings on each side of the head cranial from the eyes Taken up into the smaller of the two openings and expelled through the larger openings

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External Structures of Dog Fish Shark

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  1. External Structures of Dog Fish Shark Ms. Hays – Spring 2014

  2. External Nares (Nostrils) • Pair of openings on each side of the head cranial from the eyes • Taken up into the smaller of the two openings and expelled through the larger openings • Water passes a sensory membrane allowing the shark to detect chemicals in water

  3. Spiracles • Small openings caudal behind the eyes • Provides oxygenated blood directly to the eye and brain through a separate blood vessel

  4. Spiracles Nostrils

  5. Mouth • Location: front of the head • Function: to eat; used for the intake of water that passes through the gills

  6. Gill Slits • 5 vertical slits • Location: in front of the pectoral fin • Function: to take the oxygen from the water passing over the gills and discharge carbon dioxide

  7. What is the function of the gill slits in this picture? • Gas Exchange!

  8. Lateral Line • Location: extends noticeably from the pectoral fin past the pelvic fin. • Function: senses tiny pressure disturbances in the water • The lateral line is a line of pores that run along each side of the shark that help the shark orient to movement & sound.

  9. Cloaca • Location: between the pelvic fins & claspers • Function: Opening for the sex organs as well as being used for excretory waste 

  10. Clasper • Only present in males! • Location: down the middle of each pelvic fin • Function: Used to introduce the sperm into the cloaca of the female

  11. What is the name of the structure that is on the side of the pelvic fins that is only present in males? • Claspers

  12. Fins • 5 fins: • 1st & 2nd Dorsal Fin – anti-roll stabilizing fins • Pectoral Fin – steering fins • Pelvic Fin – stabilizing fins • Caudal Fin – provides thrust

  13. What are the names of the 5 fins of a shark? • 1st Dorsal Fin • 2nd Dorsal Fin • Pectoral Fin • Pelvic Fin • Caudal Fin

  14. Rostrum • Pointed snout located at the front of the head

  15. Dorsal Spines • Used defensively by the shark • Each has a poison gland associated with it

  16. What is a characteristic of the lateral lines and what is a characteristic of dorsal spines? • Lateral Lines: senses tiny pressure disturbances in water • Dorsal Spines: used as a defensive mechanism, each has a poison gland associated with it

  17. Denticles • Tooth-like scales on the surface of the sharks skin • Reduce drag and allow sharks to swim more silently & smoothly.

  18. What is one characteristic of the dermal denticles on the surface of the sharks skin? • Tooth-like • Used to allow sharks to swim more silently & smoothly

  19. Ampullae of Lorenzini • Small vesicles and pores that form part of an extensive sensory network system. • Found on the head of the shark • Detect weak magnetic fields produced by other fishes • This enables the shark to locate prey that are buried in the sand or to orient to nearby movement • They may also allow sharks to detect changes in water temperature

  20. Where are the Ampullae of Lorenzini located on the shark? • Head

  21. Nictitating Membrane • A membrane that is present over the eyes that covers & protects the eyes during feeding.

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