1 / 19

The Texas War for Independence and the Mexican-American War

This chapter discusses how the Texas War for Independence led to conflict and war between the United States and Mexico. It explores the motivations of President James K. Polk and the debates surrounding Manifest Destiny and American ideals.

nissen
Download Presentation

The Texas War for Independence and the Mexican-American War

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Chapter 9, Section 3WAR With MexicoPart 2: The Mexican-American Warpp. 306-311 Describe how The Texas War for Independence led to conflict and war between the United States and Mexico

  2. Assignment Schedule Mon. Do Now (next slide) Exit Ticket: Why did Polk want Mexico to start a War with the US? Tue. Due: Read Pages 308-311 and answer reading check questions. Exit ticket-Read different Viewpoints on page 308. Give your opinion as whether Manifest destiny Opposes American Ideals. Wed. Exit ticket- Critical Thinking Worksheet. THURS. Due: Page 311- 1,2 & 3 (Chapt. Review) – TEST FRIDAY!

  3. Do Now • Reading Check Questions P307-308

  4. Battle of San Jacinto • Six weeks after the battle of the Alamo, Texas forces & Sam Houston defeat Santa Anna & the Mexican Army • Treaty signed recognizing Texas’ independence • Sam Houston elected 1st President of the Republic of Texas Santa Anna surrenders to wounded Sam Houston at San Jacinto

  5. The Independent Republic of Texas(1836-1845) • April 1836: Houston forces Santa Anna to recognize Texan independence • Houston hopes U.S. will annex(add on) Texas • Jackson & Van Buren refuse to support annexation Why? • Finally annexed by “lame duck” Tyler in Feb. 1845 Republic of Texas flag

  6. Annexing Oregon Main Idea: Americans elect a new President in 1844 who promises to expand the territory of the United States. • Election of 1844: James K. Polkpromises to expand U.S. territory • Campaign Slogan: “54° 40´ or Fight!” • Defeats Whig Candidate: • Henry Clay • Polk threatens war with Britain over Oregon Territory • Signs treaty with Britain setting border with Canada at 49° N latitude. President #11 – James K Polk

  7. Annexing Texas(Becomes 28th state in 1845) • Mexico hopes to reclaim Texas, doesn’t want to cede(give up)more land • Mexico claims Texas border is the Nueces River • Texas claims its border is the Rio Grande • U.S. annexes Texas • Mexico refuses Rio Grande border AND U.S. claim to Texas • Polk sends “Army of Observation” led by…

  8. Exit Ticket: Why did Polk want Mexico to start a War with the US?

  9. The Mexican-American War Main Idea: Expansionists favored war with Mexico, but some Americans disapproved. • Polk provokes a Mexican attack by sending U.S. troops into disputed territory (1845) • Led by Zachary Taylor • Mexican troops ambush U.S. patrol (in disputed territory) • 11 killed, 52 captured • Polk gets Congress to declare war on Mexico “American blood has been shed on American soil!” - J. Polk 1846 Zachary Taylor “Old Rough & Ready”

  10. Opposition to the War • Not all Americans support “Mr. Polk’s War” • A young Abraham Lincoln opposes it, calling it an “expansionist war” Support varies by region: North opposes the war • John Quincy Adams, “bigger pens to cram with slaves” South supports the war • War is on – Who will lead Mexico?.... Abraham Lincoln in 1846

  11. Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna • Mexico turns to Santa Anna (again) • He has to sneak past American blockade • Taylor invades from north (Texas) • Crosses Rio Grande • Meets Santa Anna at the battle of Buena Vista • American “victory” due to Mexican civil war Samuel Chamberlain’s painting “He’s baaaaack” Santa Anna in 1847

  12. Rebellion in California • John C. Fremont launches a revolt to free California from Mexican control • Bear Flag Rebellion • Territory quickly gains independence (Jan. 1847) • President Polk names Fremont military governor of CA • Fremont’s goal: obtain statehood as quickly as possible • Meanwhile…… Stephen Kearney John C. Fremont & the “Bear Flag Republic”

  13. Invasion of Mexico • General Winfield Scott (with Taylor’s troops) attacks the port city of Vera Cruz • Beach town on the Gulf of Mexico • First amphibious landing in U.S. history • 20 day siege: March 1847 • Marches toward Mexico City (just like Cortez) General Winfield Scott “Old Fuss & Feathers”

  14. Exit ticket: Read different Viewpoints on page 308. Give your opinion as whether Manifest destiny Opposes American Ideals.

  15. The March to Mexico City • Robert E. Lee – Scott’s brilliant engineer • Win battle of Cerro Gordo - Capture Santa Anna’s leg • Defeat the “San Patricios” at Churubusco • Some are executed, some branded • On to Mexico City • Final battle at the Castillo de Chapultepec Captain Robert E. Lee Fighting St. Patrick’s Brigade at Churubusco

  16. Los Niños Héroes: The Child Heroes • Battle of Chapultepec: 6 young Mexican cadets fight with Santa Anna against American Army • 5 killed in action • Last cadet jumps from cliffs of Chapultepec Castle, wrapped in Mexican Flag • Prevent enemy from capturing the flag & making it a trophy of war Monument to “Los Niños Héroes”: Juan de la Barrera, Juan Escutia, Francisco Marquez, Agustin Melgar, Fernando Montes de Oca, & Vincente Suarez

  17. Achieving Manifest Destiny Main Idea: Result of the Mexican-American War, the United States gains huge new territory. • Over 525,000 square miles added to the U.S. • “From Sea to Shining Sea” – Manifest Destiny achieved • Americans suffer 13,000 losses, most to disease (Only 1700 died in combat) • Training ground for future generals of the American Civil War • Expansion of territory reignites tensions between North & South over slavery

  18. Characters of the Mexican-American War Zachary Taylor Winfield Scott George B. McClellan Antonio Lopez De Santa Anna John C. Fremont Ulysses S. Grant Robert E. Lee

  19. Santa Anna’s Leg Santa Anna wounded, leg amputated during “French Pastry War” 1838-1839 Leg captured by Americans at the Battle of Cerro Gordo Leg is in a museum in Springfield, Illinois Mexico doesn’t want it back http://www.roadsideamerica.com/story/18808

More Related