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MANAGING KNOWLEDGE FOR THE DIGITAL FIRM

10. Chapter. MANAGING KNOWLEDGE FOR THE DIGITAL FIRM. Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm. OBJECTIVES. Why do businesses today need knowledge management programs and systems for knowledge management?

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MANAGING KNOWLEDGE FOR THE DIGITAL FIRM

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  1. 10 Chapter MANAGING KNOWLEDGE FOR THE DIGITAL FIRM

  2. Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm OBJECTIVES • Why do businesses today need knowledge management programs and systems for knowledge management? • Which information system applications are most useful for distributing, creating, and sharing knowledge in the firm? • What are the business benefits of using artificial intelligence technology for knowledge management?

  3. Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm OBJECTIVES • How can businesses use expert systems and case-based reasoning to capture knowledge? • How can organizations benefit from using use neural networks and other intelligent techniques?

  4. Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm MANAGEMENT CHALLENGES • Designing knowledge systems that genuinely enhance organizational performance • Creating robust expert systems

  5. Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN THE ORGANIZATION Organizational Learning and Knowledge Management • Organizational learning • Creation of new standard operating procedures and business processes • Knowledge management • Set of processes • Creates, gathers, stores, maintains, and disseminates knowledge

  6. Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN THE ORGANIZATION Organizational Learning and Knowledge Management • Chief Knowledge Officer (CKO) • Senior executive in charge of organization’s knowledge management program

  7. Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN THE ORGANIZATION Systems and Infrastructure for Knowledge Management • Tacit Knowledge • Expertise and experience not formally documented • Best Practices • Successful solutions or problem-solving methods developed by specific organization or industry

  8. Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN THE ORGANIZATION Systems and Infrastructure for Knowledge Management • Organizational Memory • Stored learning from organization’s history • Used for decision making and other purposes

  9. Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm Figure 10-1 KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN THE ORGANIZATION IT Infrastructure for Knowledge Management

  10. Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS Information Work • Consists of creating or processing information • Divided into knowledge workers and data workers

  11. Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS Distributing Knowledge: Office and Document Management Systems • Office systems • Manage and coordinate work of data and knowledge workers • Connect work of local information workers with all levels and functions of organization • Connect organization to external world • Example: Word processing, voice mail, and imaging

  12. Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm Figure 10-2 INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS The Three Major Roles of Offices

  13. Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS Typical Office Systems Document imaging systems • Convert documents and images into digital form • Can be stored and accessed by the computer Jukebox • Device for storing and retrieving many optical disks

  14. Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm Figure 10-3 INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS Components of an Imaging System

  15. Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm Figure 10-4 INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS Web Publishing and Document Management

  16. Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS Creating Knowledge: Knowledge Work Systems Knowledge Work Systems (KWS) • Information system • Aid knowledge workers in creation and integration of new knowledge

  17. Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS Changes in the Construction Project Management Process Figure 10-5

  18. Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS Requirements of Knowledge Work Systems • Specialized tools • User-friendly interface

  19. Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm Figure 10-6 INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS Requirements of Knowledge Work Systems

  20. Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS Examples of Knowledge Work Systems • Computer-aided design (CAD) • Virtual reality systems • Virtual Reality Modeling Language (VRML) • Investment workstations

  21. Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS Sharing Knowledge: Group Collaboration Systems and Enterprise Knowledge Environments • Groupware • Intranets and Enterprise Knowledge Environments • Enterprise information portals • Teamware

  22. Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm Figure 10-7 INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS An Enterprise Information Portal

  23. Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE What is Artificial Intelligence? • Effort to develop computer-based systems that behave as humans

  24. Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Why Business is Interested in Artificial Intelligence • Artificial Intelligence: • Stores information in active form • Creates mechanism not subjected to human feelings • Eliminates routine and unsatisfying jobs • Enhances organization’s knowledge base • Generates solution to specific problems

  25. Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm Figure 10-8 ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE The Artificial Intelligence Family

  26. Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Capturing Knowledge: Expert Systems • Knowledge Base • Rule-based Expert System • Rule Base • Knowledge Frames

  27. Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm Figure 10-9 ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Rules in an AI Program

  28. Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Capturing Knowledge: Expert Systems • AI shell • Inference Engine • Forward Chaining • Backward Chaining

  29. Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm Figure 10-10 ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Frames to Model Knowledge

  30. Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm Figure 10-11 ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Inference Engines in Expert Systems

  31. Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Building an Expert System Knowledge engineer • Specialist eliciting information and expertise from other professionals • Translates information into set of rules, or frames, for an expert system

  32. Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Examples of Successful Expert System • BlueCross BlueShield of North Carolina • Countrywide Funding Corp.

  33. Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Organizational Intelligence: Case Based Reasoning Case-based Reasoning (CBR) • Artificial intelligence technology • Represents knowledge as database of cases and solutions

  34. Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm Figure 10-12 ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE How Case-Based Reasoning Works

  35. Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm OTHER INTELLIGENT TECHNIQUES Neural Networks • Hardware or software emulating processing patterns of biological brain • Put intelligence into hardware in form of a generalized capability to learn

  36. Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm Figure 10-13 OTHER INTELLIGENT TECHNIQUES Biological Neurons of a Leech

  37. Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm Figure 10-14 OTHER INTELLIGENT TECHNIQUES Artificial Neural Network with Two Neurons

  38. Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm Figure 10-15 OTHER INTELLIGENT TECHNIQUES A Neural Network

  39. Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm OTHER INTELLIGENT TECHNIQUES Fuzzy Logic • Rule-based AI • Tolerates imprecision • Uses nonspecific terms called membership functions to solve problems

  40. Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm Figure 10-16 OTHER INTELLIGENT TECHNIQUES Implementing Fuzzy Logic Rules in Hardware

  41. Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm OTHER INTELLIGENT TECHNIQUES Genetic Algorithms • Problem-solving methods • Promote evolution of solutions to specified problems • Use a model of living organisms adapting to their environment

  42. Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm Figure 10-17 OTHER INTELLIGENT TECHNIQUES The Components of a Genetic Algorithm

  43. Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm OTHER INTELLIGENT TECHNIQUES Hybrid AI Systems • Integration of multiple AI technologies into a single application • Takes advantage of best features of technologies

  44. Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm OTHER INTELLIGENT TECHNIQUES Intelligent Agents • Software programs • Use built-in or learned knowledge base to carry out specific, repetitive, and predictable tasks

  45. 10 Chapter MANAGING KNOWLEDGE FOR THE DIGITAL FIRM

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