Section 3-Polling Question

1. Section 3-Polling Question • A • B Is it more important to take sides in a conflict or remain neutral? A.Take sides B.Remain neutral

2. Chapter 4 Growth of the Thirteen Colonies (1607-1770) Section 3 France and Britain Clash

3. Essential Question Why did conflict arise in North America between France and Great Britain? • Why did conflict arise in North America between France and Great Britain?

4. Britain and France • Two of the strongest powers in Europe • Competed for wealth and empire • All over the world • Rivalry caused bitter feelings between French and British colonists in North America • Bitterness increased when the British tried to enter the Ohio Valley • The French controlled this area • The French did not want to share the fur trade

5. Hostility Continues • British fur traders built a fort at Pickawillany • The French attacked the fort and sent the British traders out of Ohio • French troops started raiding Maine and New York • New Englanders captured Louisbourg • To the disgust of New Englanders, Britain returned Louisbourg to the French

6. Native Americans Take Sides • France and Britain knew that the assistance of the Native Americans would be important • France had more Indian Allies than the British • The French just wanted fur, they did not want to take Indian land • French traders often married Indian women • Also followed Indian customs • French missionaries converted many Indians to Catholicism • Indians helped the French by raiding British settlements • Example- Hannah Duston

7. The Iroquois Confederacy • Most powerful group of Native Americans in the East • New York area • Initially five nations- Mohawk, Seneca, Cayuga, Onondaga, and Oneida • Others later joined or were conquered • 1722- Tuscarora joined • English referred to them as the Six Nations

8. The Iroquois • Remained independent with France and Britain • Traded with both • Played the British and French against each other • Controlled the Great Lakes area • Mid 1700s the Iroquois came under pressure when the British moved into the Ohio Valley • Leaders gave certain trading rights to the British and reluctantly became their allies • This upset the balance of power between France and Britain

9. Section 3 • A • B • C • D Why did the Iroquois take sides with the British? A.The French betrayed them. B.The French would no longer trade with them. C.The British moved into some of their territory. D.The British promised them riches.

10. American Colonists Take Action • Virginians planed on settling the Ohio Valley • Fall of 1753- Virginia’s Governor Robert Dinwiddie sent a surveyor into the land • Named George Washington • Washington was 21 years old • He was told to tell the French that they were trespassing on land that Great Britain claimed • Washington was to demand they leave

11. France’s Response to Washington • Washington delivered the message • Washington said later, “that it was their absolute design, or plan, to take possession of the Ohio, and by God they would do it”

12. Washington’s First Command • Spring of 1754- Washington was a lieutenant colonel • Washington was sent back to the Ohio country • With a militia of 150 men • Was to build a fort at Allegheny and Monongahela Rivers (Pittsburgh today) • Washington arrived and found the French were already building Fort Duquesne on that spot

13. Washington’s Fort • Washington built a small post called Fort Necessity • British were greatly outnumbered • The inexperienced troops attacked a French force • The British quickly surrendered and returned to Virginia • Washington’s account was published and he became famous in the colonies and Europe • He was defeated at Fort Necessity, but he was seen as a hero for attacking the French first

14. Section 3 • A • B • C Why was George Washington regarded as a hero? A.He struck the first blow against the French. B.He and his troops escaped from the French. C.He promised to seek revenge on the French.

15. Albany Plan of Union • Representatives from several colonies met in Albany, New York (June 1754) • To discuss the threat of war • Also find a way to defend themselves against the French • And persuade the Iroquois to support the British • Ben Franklin presented his Albany Plan of Union • Called for a united colonial government • Not a single colonial assembly approved the plan • No colony wanted to give up any of its power

16. Franklin’s Response • Disappointed • “Everybody cries, a Union is necessary; but when they come to the manner and form of the union, [they] are perfectly distracted” • Albany meeting failed to unite the colonists in fighting the French • Soon a full scale war erupted

17. Essential Question Why did conflict arise in North America between France and Great Britain? -France and Britain were competing world wide for wealth and empire. This competition intensified in North America when the two nations struggled for control of the Ohio River valley, which the French considered their territory. • Why did conflict arise in North America between France and Great Britain?

18. Chapter 4 Section 3 Quiz

19. What was the small post in the Ohio country established by George Washington called? • Fort Duquesne • Albany Union • Fort Necessity • Fort Monongahela

20. By 1700, the major powers in North America were the • British and French. • French and Spanish. • British and Spanish. • French and Dutch.

21. During the wars between France and Great Britain, Native Americans often helped the French by • supplying their weapons. • showing them secret paths. • raiding British settlements. • supplying them with food.

22. Where was George Washington's first command? • Blue Ridge Mountains • Virginia territory • Appalachian Mountains • Ohio River valley

23. Who did the colonists regard as the hero who struck the first blow against the French? • Robert Dinwiddie • George Washington • Benjamin Franklin • Jonathan Edwards

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