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Chapter 12:Foreign Affairs in the Young Nation

Chapter 12:Foreign Affairs in the Young Nation. Why should the US get involved in conflicts between England and France? Why should the US not get involved in conflicts between England and France?. 12.2 President Washington Creates a Foreign Policy.

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Chapter 12:Foreign Affairs in the Young Nation

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  1. Chapter 12:Foreign Affairs in the Young Nation • Why should the US get involved in conflicts between England and France? • Why should the US not get involved in conflicts between England and France?

  2. 12.2 President Washington Creates a Foreign Policy 1. The US didn’t have a standing army because it was expensive and citizens viewed it as a threat 2. What’s going on? • British are in Canada and won’t leave Ohio Valley • Spain controls Florida and Louisiana Territory • French in a revolution and declared war on England 3. The US stays NEUTRAL! Why?

  3. 12.3 President Adams’s Dilemma: Protecting US ships • Isolationism/neutrality didn’t work • Why? • Jay’s Treaty • England agreed to leave the Ohio Valley • France said this treaty broke their treaty with the US and started attacking US ships going to England • XYZ Affair • Adams sent 3 men to France to work a deal • France wouldn’t meet with them unless the US paid a tribute (bribe) • NO WAY! “Millions for defense, not one cent for tribute”

  4. 12.4 What Happened: Adams Pursues Peace • Adams wants peace for the country even though the Federalists didn’t like it • Napoleon is new leader of France and wants peace with US and England • Federalists didn’t like this policy and didn’t reelect him in 1800

  5. 12.5 President Jefferson’s Dilemma: Dealing with Pirates • Peace didn’t last long when England and France are back in war • England impressed American sailors 3. Washington and Adams paid a tribute for trade in North Africa and now Jefferson had to decide if he would pay too. Why is this a contradiction? 4. War or bribery?

  6. 12.6 What Happened: Jefferson Solves the Problem • US attacked Tripoli for 1 year • Jefferson continued to convince Britain and France to leave US ships alone…they didn’t • Embargo Act 1807 • No trade with any country • Huge failure • Ended in 1809

  7. 12.7 President Madison’s Dilemma: Protecting Sailors and Settlers • Madison told France and England that if they stopped seizing US ships, they would stop trading with their enemy • France said OK, but continued to seize US ships going to England! • England continue to take US ships and kidnap US sailors! And… • Gave Native Americans weapons to fight US expansion Henry Clay and other “War Hawks” wanted war with England. Wait a minute, I know that name!

  8. 12.8 What Happened: The War of 1812 • Madison couldn’t stay neutral any more • America tried to conquer Canada…failed • 1814 the White House burned in DC 4. Francis Scott Key wrote the “Star Spangled Banner” while watching the British attack Fort McHenry in Baltimore, Maryland

  9. The Battle of New Orleans • British ships surrendered after Battle of Lake Champlain and attack on Fort McHenry • Britain moved on to attack US in New Orleans • General Andrew Jackson defended New Orleans and forced England to surrender. HUGE victory! • Treaty of Ghent actually signed 2 weeks earlier to end the war.

  10. Results of War • No clear winner. Britain said they won too. • No land disputes settled • Impressment stopped over time 4. Native American resistance stopped 5. National pride increased 6. Federalist party, who opposed war, died out 7. Jackson became war hero and later president of US

  11. 12.9 President Monroe’s Dilemma: A New Foreign Policy Challenge • Returned to policy of isolationism • Latin America Revolutions • Hidalgo inspired Mexican independence from Spain • Bolivar and San Martin led rebellion in South America from Spain

  12. 12.10 What Happened: The Monroe Doctrine • North and South America were free and independent states and could not be colonized by any European country. • Europe thought Madison was arrogant • It was a bold statement to all other nations that the US was a strong, united country not to be messed with

  13. Chapter 12 Reading Check • Who agreed to leave the Ohio Valley in Jay’s Treaty? • Explain the XYZ Affair. • How were both France and Britain disrespecting US’s rights at sea? • Why was Jefferson’s Embargo Act a failure? • Give 3 effects of the War of 1812. • Explain why the Monroe Doctrine is considered a “bold statement?”

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