1 / 14

Cancer Control

Cancer Control. By the Steph’s. What is it?.

oistin
Download Presentation

Cancer Control

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Cancer Control By the Steph’s

  2. What is it? • Cancer is a general term for a number of different conditions where uncontrolled mutation and growth of cells threaten to damage other parts of the body. The human body is continually producing new cells to replace those that have died or are no longer functioning properly. This is a normal part of life and a mechanism required to maintain health and keep the body in good repair. If abnormal cells start to grow and divide then a tumour may develop. A malignant tumour can invade nearby tissue and interrupt the normal functioning of that tissue. The site of the tumour can depend on the type of cancer.

  3. Different types of cancer • There are many different types of cancers and some being: • Prostate cancer • Breast cancer • Colorectal cancer (cancer in the colon and rectum) • Lung cancer • Melanoma skin cancer (is an extremely dangerous cancer and can cause death if untreated, fair and freckly skinned people are most at risk) • Non-melanoma skin cancer (can usually be treated reasonably effectively and has 2 types: basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma) • Cancer of the cervix • Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (cancer affecting the lymph nodes)

  4. Why is it selected for National Health Priority Area? • It was chosen as it aims to control cancer with regards to prevention, early detection and effective treatment. • Cancer is the major cause of death in Australia, and death rates have increased in recent years. • Cancer contributes to YLL’s more then any other cause. • It is the largest contributor to overall burden of disease. • In 2011, malignant neoplasms (cancer) accounted for 42,671 deaths of all deaths registered (24, 194 males and 18,473 females). Lung cancer was the leading cause of cancer deaths, accounting for 19% of all cancer deaths.

  5. Risk factors – Biological • Body weight - relationship between obesity and higher rates of some cancers • Age - advancing age is a risk factor for developing cancer • Genetic predisposition - some are more likely to develop cancer then others and genetic influences are important for certain cancers

  6. Behavioural • Tobacco smoking - contribute to cancers in almost all parts of the body • Alcohol consumption - can contribute to certain cancers • Low fibre diet - increases chances of colorectal cancer • Exposure to sunlight and UV radiation - increases the chances of developing skin cancer • Infected with human papillomavirus - is a risk factor for cervical cancer

  7. Social • Socioeconomic status - those with a low SES are more likely to develop lung cancer • Food security - those with no access to affordable, healthy food supply rely on processed foods • Stress - no link between stress and cancer, it is believed that stress may suppress the immune system • Access to health care - lack of education surrounding cancer screening may restrict access and may contribute to lower rates of early detection

  8. Physical Environment • Work environment – those who spend prolonged time outdoors have an increased risk of skin cancer due to UV exposure. • Air quality – people living in industrial areas and major cities are at higher risk of cancer due to air pollution. • Environmental tobacco smoke – exposure to environmental tobacco smoke increases the risks of many types of cancer. • Climate – increased exposure to UV radiation increases the risk of developing skin cancer, UV levels are often high in many parts of Australia. • Geographical location of resources – screening services don’t decrease the risk of cancer but they can contribute to early detection and higher survival rates.

  9. Direct costs • Individual • Medication is an important part of cancer treatment to an individual and many cancer drugs are subsidised through the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme, with individuals making co-payments. • Community • Numerous health promotion programs have been implemented by government and non-government organisations, including Quit, SunSmart and BreastScreen Australia. These initiatives represent direct costs to the community. • Cancer accounted for 7.2% of allocated recurrent health system expenditure in 2004 – 2005, when $3.7 million was spent on direct costs. • Chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery are commonly used to treat cancer and cost a significant amount.

  10. Indirect costs • Individual • The indirect costs associated with cancer were estimated by Access Economics in 2008 to be in excess of $2 billion. • Indirect costs to individuals include lost income, lost time due to travel to and from treatment and the costs associated with paying for services around the home if the individual is unable to complete these tasks themselves. • Community • Indirect costs to the community include lost taxation revenue, lost productivity and social security payments.

  11. Intangible costs • Individual • Some are the pain and suffering associated with the condition. • Anxiety as many people suffering can feel anxious and stressed as they wait for the treatment to begin its course. • Missing school or work as it can affect there socialisation and self esteem levels. • Community • The effects touch on most people within the society. • The intangible costs associated with cancer affect family and community members. • Can affect feelings of sadness and despair for friends and family members which then adds additional intangible costs to the community.

  12. Health Promotions • Quit • Breastscreen Australia • National Bowel Cancer Screening Program • National Cervical Cancer Screening Program • Movember Foundation • National HPV Vaccination Program • SunSmart

  13. Quit • Quit aims to reduce the burden of cancer and to help people stop smoking. • They are ran by a joint initiative between the Victorian Government, Heart Foundation and the Cancer Council. • They have a Quitline number to call 137848. They also have a website www.quit.org.au. • About 1 in 5 cancer deaths in Australia can be attributed to smoking. More than 10,000 Australians are diagnosed with a smoking-related cancer each year. More than 80% of lung cancer cases are caused from smoking.

  14. Cancer videos • What Is Cancer? • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LEpTTolebqo • Melanoma • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EF40KBHFpn4 • Lung Cancer • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oMNCcnpOG9Y • Breast Cancer • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VsyE2rCW71o

More Related