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Cancer Control. By Stephanie and Cassie. What is Cancer?. Cancer is a general term for the number of different conditions where uncontrolled mutation and growth of cells threaten to damage other parts of the body. Different types of cancer. Prostate cancer. Breast cancer in females.
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Cancer Control By Stephanie and Cassie
What is Cancer? • Cancer is a general term for the number of different conditions where uncontrolled mutation and growth of cells threaten to damage other parts of the body.
Different types of cancer • Prostate cancer. • Breast cancer in females. • Colorectal cancer. • Lung cancer. • Melanoma of the skin. • Non-melanoma skin cancer. • Cancer of the cervix. • Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma.
Why is cancer a NHPA? • Cancer is a major cause of death within Australia, and death rates for cancer have increased in recent years. Other reason for its inclusion as an NHPA include: • Many cancers are preventable with lifestyle changes. • In 2007, malignant neoplasms accounted for 29% of all registered deaths • Lung cancer was the leading cause of cancer deaths, counting for 19% of all cancer deaths. • Cancer contributes more to YLLs than any other cause. • Largest contributor to overall burden of disease.
How it contributes to Burden of disease. • Cancer is the leading cause of the total burden of disease and injury in Australia. • In 2012, cancer was estimated to be the leading cause of burden of disease in Australia, accounting for approximately 19% of the total disease burden. • In 2012, cancer was estimated to account to 551,300 disability adjusted life years (DALYs) in Australia; of these, 457,400 were years lost due to premature death and 93,900 were years of healthy life lost due to disease, disability or injury.
Risk Factors- BIOLOGICAL • OBESITY: Although it is not a risk factor, a diet high in fat and low in vegetables (which can lead to obesity) are risk factors for colorectal cancer. There is also a relationship between obesity and higher rates of breast cancer. • AGE: Advancing age is a risk factor for developing cancer. • GENETIC PREDISPOSITION: Some people are more likely to develop cancer than others. The genetic influence seems to be particularly important for certain cancers such as Breast Cancer and Prostate Cancer.
Risk Factors- BEHAVIOURAL • TOBBACO SMOKING: can contribute to all cancers to almost all parts of the body, especially the lungs. • ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION: can contribute to certain cancers such as Breast Cancer. • LOW FIBRE DIET: may increase the chances of colorectal cancer. Fruit and vegetables are rich in nutrients, which may also play a protective role in colorectal cancer. • EXPOSURE TO SUNLIGHT AND UV RADIATION: increase the chances of developing skin cancer.
Risk Factors- SOCIAL • SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS: People in low SES groups have higher rates of smoking and alcohol consumption which could account for highestrates of lung cancer. • WORK: People working in outdoor environments are more exposed to UV radiation, which increases the risk of skin cancer. Workplaces involving pollutants (such as exposure to radon, an odourless, colourless gas found in dirt and rocks) can increase the risk of lung cancer. • ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE: Access to health care does not prevent the development of cancer. However, the rate of successfully treating cancer is higher if they are detected earlier.
Quit • Supported by The Victorian Government/Vic Health, Heart Foundation, Cancer Council. • Their aim is to reduce the burden of cancer caused by tobacco smoke. • They raise awareness through advertising commercials on the television and in posters and they have a quit line to help people in need. (13 7848)
Sun Smart • Launched in 1988, it is funded by the cancer council Victoria. • They raise awareness through the media, targeting different audiences to educate on the importance of: “Slip, Slop, Slap, Seek, Slide.”
