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US Participation in the International Collaboration at Super KEKB

US Participation in the International Collaboration at Super KEKB. On behalf of US groups (Cincinnati, Hawaii, VPI and University of Illinois N ). Tom Browder (University of Hawaii). Thanks to Zoltan Ligeti for a compelling discussion of the physics case.

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US Participation in the International Collaboration at Super KEKB

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  1. US Participation in the International Collaboration at Super KEKB On behalf of US groups (Cincinnati, Hawaii, VPI and University of IllinoisN) Tom Browder (University of Hawaii) Thanks to Zoltan Ligeti for a compelling discussion of the physics case 1. Accelerator: Plan and Track Record 2. Detector: Track record,Plan and possible US contributions

  2. New Physics (in the Weak Interaction) Are there new particles beyond those in the SM, which have different couplings (either in magnitude or in phase) ? Supersymmety is an example (~40 new phases). Extra dimensions is another. (N.B. Sensitivity can extend beyond LHC)

  3. KEK’s 5 year Roadmap • Official 20 page report released on January 4, 2008 by director A. Suzuki and KEK management • KEKB’s upgrade to 2x1035 /cm2/sec in 3+x years is the central element in particle physics.(Funding limited: Final goal is 8 x 1035 and an integrated luminosity of 50 ab-1) • Will be finalized after recommendations by the Roadmap Review Committee (March 9-10). • Membership: Young Kee Kim, John Ellis, Rolf Heuer, Andrew Hutton, Jon Rosner, H. Takeda and reviewers from other fields Super-Belle (and Super KEKB) is an open international project that covers the next two orders of magnitudes at the luminosity frontier. A special opportunity for high impact international collaboration

  4. experiment upgrade experiment + upgrade experiment + upgrade construction experiment + upgrade Detector R&D KEK Roadmap 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 • J-PARC construction experiment + upgrade Very Preliminary • KEKB • LHC • PF/PF-AR • R&D for Advanced Accelerator and Detector Technology ERL construction test experiment C-ERL R&D PF-ERL R&D construction experiment ILC ILC R&D construction

  5. TIght Schedule for the Super KEKB Collaboration 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 10 1 4 7 10 1 4 7 10 1 4 7 10 1 4 7 10 1 4 Experiment at KEKB KEKB/Belle upgrade ** TDR Detector Study Report (March 08) Final detector design (April 09) 2007 2008 2009 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 Detector proposals Internal review (inc. PID shootout) BNM (January 08) Pre kick-off meeting (March 08) Kick-off meeting (July 08) Meeting plan Actions to invite new collaborators One-day general meeting and an IB meeting at every BGM ** Possible 6-month shift to the right

  6. KEKB’s Track Record KEKB + PEP-II ~ 1.3 Billion BB pairs ~768/fb (Feb 20) ~1274/fb ! KEKB for Belle ~506/fb (Feb 20) design luminosity PEP-II for BaBar May be time to switch units to ab-1 Lpeak (KEKB) = 1.7 x 1034/cm2/sec (design 1.0)

  7. Asymmetric energy e+e- collider at ECM=m((4S)) to berealized by upgrading the existing KEKB collider. • Initial target: 10×higher luminosity21035/cm2/sec  210 9BB and t+t- per yr. • Final goal: L=81035/cm2/sec and ∫L dt = 50ab-1 8 GeV e- SCC RF(HER) New IR with crab crossing and smaller by* Crab cavity 8GeV e- ARES (LER) 3.5GeV e+ Ares RF cavity 3.5 GeV e+ More RF for higher beam current New beam-pipe with ante-chamber e+ source Damping ring for e+ beam SR : A Super-B Factory at KEK KEKB Upgrade Plan after 3 year shutdown Many Super B components are being tested now

  8. Beam Background(after 1st optimization) Rad-Bhabha mask around QCS magnet IR chamber design Results based on GEANT sims validated by Belle/KEKB experience. 1st layer Conservative, robust detector should be handle up to 20 times more background

  9. Features of the Super KEKB detector In contrast to LHCb, superb neutral detection capabilities. e.g. BKS0γ can be used to detect right-handed currents Capable of observing rare “missing energy modes” such as BK  bar with B tags. Hermiticity is critical. Issues: Higher background (x 20) Radiation damage and occupancy Fake hits and pile-up in EM cal Higher event rate (x 50)

  10. Super Belle: A detector for SuperKEKB Faster calorimeter with waveform sampling and pure CsI (endcap) New particle identifier with precise Cherenkov device: (i)TOP or fDIRC. KL/m detection with scintillator and next generation photon sensors Background tolerant super small cell tracking detector New dead time free pipelined readout and high speed computing systems Si vertex detector with high background tolerance ((1)faster readout then (2)pixels)

  11. US contribution: Vertexing at KEK Super B ~10% ~4% ~2% ~2% Conventional solutions (DSSD Si strips) are on the edge Stopgap alternatives include faster readout electronics (US proposes a pipelined VA chip) SuperKEKB luminosity: L~1.7 x 1034 → L~ 1036 cm-2.s-1 Present: Belle SVD2 SVD occupancy Present : layer 1 of SVD ~10%occupancy / 200 krad.yr-1 ＫＥＫＢ　Upgrade: Super-Belle ~ x 20 expectedincrease

  12. A more robust long term solution: Super KEKB Pixel Detector Assume 22.5 μm pixels and 10 μsec integration time Can expect ~ 0.5% occupancy Significant R+D Issues Marc Rosen

  13. PID at KEK Super B Two new particle ID devices, both using Cherenkov light: Barrel: Time-Of-Propagation (TOP) (baseline), iTOP, focusing DIRC (US contributions to readout electronics, optics) Endcap: proximity focusing aerogel RICH(Slovenia, KEK)

  14. Principle of a TOP counter Provides ~4σ/K separation at 3.5 GeV/c (Measure 1D position and time in a compact detector) Simulation 2GeV/c, q=90 deg. ~2m Linear array PMT (~5mm) Time resolution s~40ps ~200ps K p Different propagation lengths propagation times US groups: Can the performance be improved by imaging (i-TOP or f-DIRC) ?

  15. US contribution: imaging TOP (iTOP) Concept:Use best of both TOP (timing) and DIRC and fit in Belle PID envelope Marc Rosen(UH) BaBar DIRC • Use new, compact solid-state photon detectors, new high-density electronics • Use simultaneous T, qc [measured-predicted] for maximum K/p separation • Keep pixel size comparable to DIRC Bars compatible (though thinner) with proposed TOP counter

  16. Zoom in: US contribution (iTOP) 2.5mm x 5mm collectors  1.25mm x 2.5mm G-APD 44 rows x 92 columns to planar array = 4048 channels 2 ends x 16 bars = 129,536 readout channels i-TOP is better than TOP (MC in progress)

  17. US Contribution: Focusing DIRC Alternative Cincinnati

  18. Scintillator based KL/μ for KEK SuperB Possible US contribution to readout electronics • Two independent (x and y) layers in one superlayer made of orthogonal strips with WLS read out • Photodetector = avalanche photodiode in Geiger mode (GAPD) • ~120 strips in one 90º sector (max L=280cm, w=25mm) • ~30000 readout channels • Geometrical acceptance > 99% y-strip plane Iron plate x-strip plane Mirror 3M (above groove & at fiber end) Optical glue increase the light yield ~ 1.2-1.4) Aluminiumframe WLS: Kurarai Y11 1.2 mm GAPD Strips: polystyrene with 1.5% PTP & 0.01% POPOP Diffusion reflector (TiO2)

  19. HIGG’s at Belle ?? US Role in the past HIGG’s= High Impact Gaijin Groups Will restrict comments here to US Groups: Cincinnati, Hawaii, Princeton, VPI, (Illinois/RIKEN) (Track Record of Exceeding Expectations) Two foreign spokespersons Discoveries of new particles e.g. X(3872) Two publication council (PC) members Construction and software of the KLM detector Measurement of /φ2 Construction and software for the TOF Dedicated run at the Upsilon(5S) SVD readout, IR masking +design, Kalman filter (Azimuthal spin asymmetries) One analysis coordinator Two ICPV group leaders+many analyses Many, many analyses…..

  20. US participation in Super KEKB: 3 funding scenarios. hardware 7.4 x 106 Total: 15.8 x 106 Assume startup in 2012, and US contributions to Si readout, pixel upgrade, PID device and muon system. hardware 4.0 x 106 Total: 12.4 x 106 (Values assume 4 DOE groups as well as 33% contingency for hardware and a 5 year project) hardware 2.1 x 106 Total: 10.5 x 106 No contribution to final production. No pixel upgrade

  21. US Super KEKB Funding Profiles (Some possible scenarios) Total SVD Pixel iTOP personnel Leadership Scenario Fair share scenario Minor share scenario

  22. Conclusions on the US Role at Super KEKB KEK is moving ahead with a machine and detector designed to discover new FCNC and new sources of CPV The accelerator and detector have a track record of exceeding expectations. This is a special opportunity for high impact international collaboration. For the US groups, we propose participation in the silicon readout, pixel upgrade, optics and readout of the PID device, and the scintillator based muon upgrade.

  23. Backup Slides

  24. US contribution: imaging TOP (iTOP) Instrument both ends & mean-time for triggering purposes Needs T & ring reconstruction code Readout Board

  25. imaging TOP (iTOP) 10mm thick bars Acceptance gap: 2.4%

  26. Barrel PID (TOP) • Quartz: 255cmL x 40cmW x 2cmT • Focus mirror at 47.8deg. angle(l) g y(l); correct chromatic dispersion t(l) • Multi-anode (GaAsP) MCP-PMT • Linear array (5mm pitch), Good time resolution (<40ps) re-polishing going on lifetime to be checked MCP-PMT

  27. Slide from Oide Accelerator Luminosity is funding-limited 200 oku-yen (European/Japanese accounting) is the default blue level Assume a construction project starting in 2009 with luminosity in 2012 (i.e. a 3 year accelerator and detector construction shutdown.)

  28. Slide from Ohnishi + non-linear effects and machine errors

  29. Projected luminosity(in a pessimistic funding-limited scenario) Integrate luminosity (ab-1) KEK roadmap RF upgrade Damping Ring Peak luminosity (cm-2s-1) 3 years shutdown Slide from Ohnishi operation time : 200 days/year Target for roadmap Target for roadmap This story could change with more funding for RF and more collaborators

  30. 22 mrad. crossing crab crossing Installed in the KEKB tunnel. (February 2007) Crab cavity commissioning Electron Ring Positron Ring

  31. Super B Factory vs current sensitivities Hard to condense all the NP observables into one sound bite…… (50-75 ab-1) From TEB et al., hep-ph/0710.3799 and RMP in preparation

  32. Focusing-DIRC Array Concept (Cincinnati) Many k Photodetector channels ASIC Make full use of new pixelated photodetectors SiPMs/APDs (Sumiyoshi et al) Carrier Socket Tiled Array Readout Board

  33. Readout Electronics using “Oscilloscope on a Chip” Must do high speed waveform sampling on a large number of channels in an economical way. This will be applied to timing for high luminosity PID (i-TOP or f-DIRC) Labrador chip developed by Varner et al at Hawaii

  34. Endcap PID (Aerogel-RICH) “Focusing” Aerogel radiator Npe = 9.1, s(track) = 4.2 mrad achieved ~5.5separation for 4 GeV/c K/p Photon Sensors • Sensitive to single photon • High QE >~ 20 % • High gain • Position detection accuracy: ~5x5 mm2 • Large effective area: >~ 70 % • Operational with 1.5 Tesla magnetic field 1.045 1.055 1.050 1.062 Hybrid (Avalanche) Photon Detector MCP (Micro Channel Plate) PMT Si-PM/MPPC

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