Multi-country Water Purification Programme of Activities (PoA )

1. Multi-country Water Purification Programme of Activities (PoA)

2. Contents • Why a water purification PoA? • Approach and Technology • How can DNAs facilitate Multi-Country PoAs?

3. The Gap • 900 mio people without access to clean water • several 100 million people who boil their water for disinfection Sources: (1) WHO (2) UNICEF

4. Typical situation of water supply: the example of Najja village, Uganda For example, the people in the Uganda village of Najja have a water well. But the water is not clean and can cause diseases. Large amounts of wood are used to boil water for disinfection. What can be done to provide the villagers with clean water, while at the same time saving natural resources, avoiding air pollution and erosion?

5. Hurdles for Clean Drinking Water Projects Current problems for project implementers: • Generally lack of sufficient funds • No steady income stream • Not enough exposure to funding providing entities …how to find an approach to make Water Disinfection Projects attractive to investors?

6. Water Purification PoA will bring a host of co-benefits: Reduce GHG emissions. Against child death & water related diseases: 120 million DALY per year (1) Indoor air quality: 40 million DALY per year (2) Protecting biodiversity & water resources Enabling schooling & avoiding abuse Avoiding desertification Sources: 1) Pacific Institute (2010). World Water Quality Facts and Statistics. World Water Day 2010, 22nd March. 2) Torres-Duque C (2008). Biomass Fuels and Respiratory Diseases. The Proceedings of the American Thoracic Society 5:577-590.

7. Contents • Why a water purification PoA? • Approach and Technology • How can DNAs facilitate Multi-Country PoAs?

8. Water Purification Projects can generate carbon revenues by…. … reducing the use and demand for fossil fuels and non renewable biomass that would have been used to boil water as a mean for water purification … and thus directly leading to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions Possible solutions Boiling water Solar disinfection Filter Chemical disinfection Membrane • Water Purification Project: • „Best“ solution depends on: • Water quality • Climate • People... Baseline Scenario

9. The Water Purification PoA is a platform enabling various actors in many countries • The Water PoA is an open platform for different: • Countries • Participants • Technologies • … but with the • SAME GOAL!! Country B Country A Country C CPA CPA CPA CPA CPA CPA PoA = platform serving CPAs in different countries A PoA is the framework that defines the parameters for project Activities (CPAs) that are eligible for inclusion in the PoA. 9 See EB 32, Annex 38

10. Example of Technology: Gravity Driven Membrane Disinfection (GDMD) Filters • ADVANTAGES • Effective: Parasites, Viruses, Bacteria • Easy: no energy, almost no maintenance • Robust: even highly turbid water can be used, not fragile • Long life span: expected life span 5-8 years  therefore, low costs for the expected life span • No recurring costs (e.g. chemicals) Prototype design only

11. Calculating Emission Reduction Emission Reductions = Baseline Emissions – Project Emissions Project: Baseline: Possible solutions Boiling water Solar disinfection Filter Membrane No treatment Principle of supressed demand is applied Chemical disinfection • Clean water for 20’000 people • Climate benefits • Social benefits • Environmental benefits

12. Example Calculation for African Context Assumptions: • Conventional cook stove used in the Baseline • 20'000 devices employed • Each device can purify 30 l/day • Wood had been used to boil water in project area Result: • 40'000 ton CO2 avoided per year named Certified Emission Reductions (CERs) • Assuming 10 €/CER -> 400'000 EUR/year minus transaction costs and PoA management costs • Regular income over 21 years if complying with monitoring criteria

13. Contents • Why a water purification PoA? • Approach and Technology • How can DNAs facilitate Multi-Country PoAs?

14. What is needed to make a multi-country PoA possible? The example of the Water Purification PoA = the first Multi-Country PoA submitted for validation which can be applied in ALL Non-Annex countries • Highly standardized methodology • WHO standards • Activity level defined with the help of equipment capacity plus cap per person • Default values for baseline emissions • Highly standardized PoA-DD • Standardized factor for Non-Renewable Biomass based on FAO data • Standardized default additionality test based on guidelines for micro-scale projects • Inclusion of various technologies • Inclusion of various CPA implementers (NGOs, local companies, multilateral organisations. etc.) • DNAs supporting the concept and facilitating multi-country PoAs • Need for water purification in the country • Acknowledge the slightly different approach • Timing: for non-LDC there is a hard registration deadline by End of 2012 >> practical deadline for issuing LoAs: February 2012

15. Thank you Questions? Contact Bruce Wylie Principal, South Africa b.wylie@southpolecarbon.com Ronnie Twesigye PoA Specialist, Uganda r.twesigye@southpolecarbon.com Christoph Sutter CEO, Zurich c.sutter@southpolecarbon.com www.southpolecarbon.com/adv-poa.htm