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Urinary System

Urinary System. Medical Careers Ms. Bystrom. Functions. Excretion: removing waste from blood Secretion: separation of certain materials from the blood Elimination: emptying urine from the bladder. Organs of the Urinary System. Kidneys Ureters Bladder Urethra. Kidneys.

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Urinary System

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  1. Urinary System Medical Careers Ms. Bystrom

  2. Functions • Excretion: removing waste from blood • Secretion: separation of certain materials from the blood • Elimination: emptying urine from the bladder

  3. Organs of the Urinary System • Kidneys • Ureters • Bladder • Urethra

  4. Kidneys Two-bean shaped organs located high in the abdominal cavity

  5. External Kidneys • Covered by a tough fibrous capsule • Hilum: concave border where the renal artery enters and renal vein and ureter exit

  6. Internal Kidney • Divided into two sections: • Medulla: triangular shaped wedges that separate and remove waste products from blood • Calyces: areas where waste is emptied • Cortex: smooth areas around medulla

  7. Nephrons • The filtering unit of the kidneys • Over 1 million per kidney • Resembles a funnel with a long, twisted tail • Function: • filtration: everything in blood is filtered out • Reabsorption: returns useful substances to bloodstream • Secretion: gets rid of waste

  8. The nephron unit

  9. Structures of the Nephron • Bowman’s capsule: • The hard, hollow capsule located on top of each nephron • Glomerulus: • cluster of capillaries located inside of each capsule

  10. The sections of the Nephron

  11. Ureters • Long, slender muscular tubes attached to each kidney, leading to the urinary bladder

  12. Ureters • Peristalsis: wave-like muscular contractions that move urine down the ureter into the bladder • Calculi: stones that form in the renal pelvis and are washed down the ureter with urine

  13. Urinary bladder • Collapsible bag of muscular tissue that expands to serve as a reservoir for urine

  14. Urethra • Tube leading from the bladder to the outside of the body • Sphincters: donut-shaped muscles that permit voluntary control of bladder function.

  15. Urinary terms Dysuria Polyuria Oliguria Pyuria Nocturia Hematuria

  16. Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) • Cystitis • Urethritis • Nephritis

  17. Tests Performed • Urinalysis: test performed on urine to determine its characteristics • C & S: culture and sensitivity; test performed to see if bacteria is resistant or sensitive to certain meds

  18. Tests Performed • Lithotripsy: use of shockwaves to crush stones • Dialysis: mechanical process of removing waste from blood normally removed by kidneys

  19. Abbreviations for quiz! • KUB-kidneys, ureters, bladder • U/A: urinalysis • QNS: quantity not sufficient • Cath: catheter • C & S: culture and sensitivity • UTI: urinary tract infection • IVP: intravenous pyelogram

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