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The cold war. After WWII, The United States and the Soviet Union (USSR) emerged as the two most powerful nations in the world – militarily, economically, technologically. The cold war. Two competing economic and political ideas emerged from the two superpowers United States- Capitalism
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The cold war After WWII, The United States and the Soviet Union (USSR) emerged as the two most powerful nations in the world – militarily, economically, technologically
The cold war Two competing economic and political ideas emerged from the two superpowers United States- Capitalism Privately run (market) economy, people make the decisions Democracy Free elections, people have choices about government USSR Communism Government run (command) economy People have no choice in the government
The cold war Ideology: A set of ideas that form a political and economic policy (ex. Republican, Democrat, Communism, Libertarian) Where do you fit?? www.idealog.org/en/quiz Remember, your beliefs about politics is nobody’s business but your own!
The Ideological Struggle Soviet & Eastern Bloc Nations US & the Western Democracies GOAL spread world-wide Communism GOAL “Containment” of Communism • METHODOLOGIES: • Espionage [KGB vs. CIA] • Arms Race [nuclear escalation] • Ideological Competition for the minds and hearts of Third World peoples [Communist govt. & command economy vs. democratic govt. & capitalist economy] “proxy wars” • Bi-Polarization of Europe [NATO vs. Warsaw Pact]
The cold war Germany After WWII the Allies had to decide what to do with Germany They decided to split the country into 4 different “zones of occupation,” controlled by Britain, France, U.S. and USSR
The cold war “From Stettin in the Balkans, to Trieste in the Adriatic, an iron curtain has descended across the Continent. Behind that line lies the ancient capitals of Central and Eastern Europe.” -- Sir Winston Churchill, 1946 Europe had been divided into two distinct sides, the East which was backed by the Soviet Union and the West which was backed by the United States