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Kingdom Protista

Kingdom Protista. Spring 2012. Kingdom Characteristics. Domain: Eukarya , so they are Eukaryotes Unicellular or Multicellular Autotrophic or Heterotrophic May or May Not Have a Cell Wall – usually cellulose. Diatoms – Cell Wall Made of Silicon. Division of the Kingdom.

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Kingdom Protista

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  1. Kingdom Protista Spring 2012

  2. Kingdom Characteristics • Domain: Eukarya, so they are Eukaryotes • Unicellular or Multicellular • Autotrophic or Heterotrophic • May or May Not Have a Cell Wall – usually cellulose. Diatoms – Cell Wall Made of Silicon.

  3. Division of the Kingdom • Fungus – Like Protists • Animal – Like Protists (Protozoans) • Plant – Like Protists (Algae) 1 Flap for Each Section

  4. Plant-Like Protists (Algae) • All contain chlorophyll • Classified Based on Color and structure • Mode of Nutrition: Autotrophs • Unicellular or Multicellular Separated into 6 Different Phylum

  5. Phylum Euglenophyta • 2 Flagella - Live in Ponds • Unicellular • No Cell Wall • Autotrophs • Heterotrophs - when sun is not available Unique characteristics Red Eye Spot

  6. Phylum Bacillariophyta - Diatoms • Unicellular- Live in ponds • Autotrophs • Cell Walls of silicon • Most abundant organisms on earth • Phytoplankton

  7. Phylum Pyrrophyta - Dinoflagellates • ½ Autotrophs and ½ Heterotrophs • 2 Flagella – Can spin • Unicellular • Can be luminescent – “fire plants” • Cause of Red Tide Produce neurotoxins Kills marine life “Algal Blooms” Live in Ocean

  8. Phylum Rhodophyta – The Red Algae • Mostly Multicellular • Ocean Environment • Chlorophyll A & Red Pigments • Live at Great Depths (Absorb Blue Light) • Used in ice cream & pudding • Culture media for plates • Important to coral formation

  9. Phylum Chlorophyta – The Green Algae Ancestor to Modern Plants • Uni or Multicellular • Contain Chlorophyll A and B • Cellulose in Cell Wall • Used in cosmetics, paints, and food • Major Source of fish food and oxygen- live in ocean Ex. Volvox and Ulva

  10. Animal-Like Protists (Protozoans) • Cell Structure: No Cell Wall • Mode of nutrition heterotrophs • Unicellular • Classification: Move and Feeding Separated into 4 Different Phylum

  11. Phylum Sarcodina - Sarcodines • Amoeboid Movement - move and eat using pseudopods (False Foot) • Free living • Heterotrophs - Food Vacuole • Ex. amoeba Endocytosis - #2

  12. Phylum Ciliophora - Ciliates • Move and eat using cilia – short hairlike projections, similar to flagella • Mostly freeliving – not parasitic Ex. Paramecium and Stentor Important Characteristic: Contractile Vacuole Paramecium Reproduction: Asexually or Conjugation

  13. Phylum Zoomastigina - Zooflagellates • Move using a flagella • May be free living or parasitic • Ex of parasites: Trypanosoma – Causes African Sleeping Sickness Trichonympha – In digestive system of termites Giardia – Amebic Dysentery

  14. Phylum Sporozoa - Sporozoans • Don’t move on their own and are parasitic Ex. Plasmodium – Causes Malaria • Sexual and Asexual Reproduction

  15. Malaria

  16. Fungus-Like Protists • Heterotrophs – decomposers • Unlike true fungus lack chitin in their cell wall • Damp, Moist Environments • Reproduce by spores (asexual reproduction) May also be sexual - (Alternation of Generations)

  17. Phylum Acrasiomycota • Cellular Slime Mold • Have Cell Membranes • Unicellular but colonize

  18. Phylum Myxomycota • Acellular Slime Mold (Unicellular or Plasmodial) Fuse together = Larger structure w/ multiple nuclei • Sexual & Asexual Reproduction

  19. Phylum Oomycetes • Water Molds • Unicellular • Cell Wall of Cellulose • Thrive in water (Spores can move) • Plant parasites on land • Caused Potato Famine Phytophthora infestans

  20. Key Questions • What is the key characteristic all protists share? • What are the three categories of protists? • How are plant-like and animal-like classified? • Which causes malaria? • Which causes algal blooms? • Which is the ancestor to modern plants? • Which lives at great depths due to its ability to absord blue light? • Which is responsible for the great potato famine? • Sexual reproduction by paramecium is called ___________. • What is the purpose of a contractile vacuole in the paramecium?

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