Bellringer

1. Bellringer Who led the Communist Revolution in Russia? In China? Both the Soviet Union and China began programs to modernize their nation, what were they called? Vladmir Lenin Mao Zedong USSR: Stalin’s 5 year plans China: Great Leap Forward Why was the Cultural Revolution a failure? Explain why Communist nations abolish (get rid of) Religion Communist nations force the people to worship their communist leaders to maintain control The youth became corrupt with too much power

2. China’s human Rights …Or lack of Human Rights

3. China vs. United States Many economic forecasters predict China will surpass the United States in economic strength by 2030.

4. China’s Human Rights Issues -Political Oppression -The Great Firewall -One Child Policy -Laogai Camps -Organ Trade -Tibet

5. Political Oppression Tiananmen Square: Students demand democratic reforms- Tanks kill thousands to crush protest Today, many protestors are jailed when they speak out against the government, or in favor of democracy.

6. Tiananmen Square Tank Man became an international symbol for standing up to totalitarian regimes. No one knows who he is for sure.

7. Liu Xiaobo Political reformer who led during Tiananmen Square 1989 In 2008 he wrote Charter ‘08, a call for democracy, a constitution and independent court system He was sentenced to 11 years in jail, and is still serving his time

8. Ai WeiWei Artist who speaks against the government through art and an online blog Ai WeiWei became increasingly political after see the damage from the 2008 earthquake in Sichuan, China He has had repeated run-ins with the law and was just released from prison in 2012 “She lived happily for seven years in this world”

9. The Great Firewall of China The Chinese government monitors all internet activity. Even Google has restrictions and is heavily censored Netizens- Chinese bloggers who have found ways around the firewall

10. Created in 2005, and by 2009 China had blocked access to most of Google's features and censored searches In 2010 the Chinese Government hacked the email accounts of suspected opposition. Outraged, Google, is threatening to withdraw service from China

12. One Child Policy **The One Child Policy has recently been changed. Unfortunately there is limited information available about the changes or how they will be implemented** To combat a ballooning population, China enforced the one child policy Exceptions: -rural families with one daughter can try for a son if they apply -Families can pay a “simple” fee for additional children Can’t pay? The government will force abortion OR force adoption Each Chinese baby is adopted for $15,000+ What do you notice about these propaganda posters? What message do these send to the Chinese people?

13. Why did the West give Liu Xiaobo the Nobel Peace Prize despite China’s Objections? What is the problem with a court system that is run and operated by the government? We disagreed that he was a criminal since he was using Free Speech, which the West considers a right The courts have the same opinion as the government, so it is nearly impossible to defend oneself Why are sons valued more highly than daughters in China? The Sons take care of their elderly parents, but the daughters marry off and help her in-laws

14. Laogai Labor Camps Political prisoners and criminals are routinely sent to Laogai- forced labor prisons and re-education centers Prisoners are forced to create products, including many of the goods that end up on US Shelves

15. Lao: Labor Gai: Reform

16. “Reform through Labor” At least 909 Camps in China 3-5 million currently in the camps

17. Laogai Information: 909: Number of known Laogai camps… number is likely higher 3-5 miillion: current number of imprisoned 99% Percentage of those charged with “endangering state security” found guilty 314 Businesses linked directly to Laogai camps 40% Of Laogaiprsoners are sentences to more than 5 years imprisonment, life internment or death

18. Organ Trade Executed prisoners “allow” the government to donate their organs… for a profit Organs can cost over $50,000 and every part is used: Heart, liver, skin, kidneys, lungs… Often, prisoners are kept alive through the harvesting process to ensure healthier organ transplants

19. Tibet After Mao came to power in 1949, the Chinese took over Tibet. Technically, Tibet no longer exists They have destroyed much of Tibetan culture and outlawed Buddhism. Many were sent to the Laogai camps The Dalai Lama fled to India and has remained there since 1950

20. Who is the Dalai Lama? Leader of Buddhism. He has been Reincarnated 14 times. The current Dalai Lama was found when he was a toddler

21. Review The Tiananmen Square massacre in China was a reaction to 1. Deng Xiaoping’s plan to revive the Cultural Revolution 2. Students demands for greater individual rights and freedom of expression 3. China’s decision to seek Western investors 4. Great Britain’s decision to return Hong Kong to China

22. Review Today, human rights violations most often occur in nations in which Freedom of the press exists Government is limited by law Leaders have absolute control Government has a multiparty system

23. Review Which Statement best describes a result of the student demonstrations in Beijing’s Tiananmen Square in 1989? Prodemocracy protestors were successful in achieving their goals A state-controlled education program was begun The government further restricted freedom of expression in China Collectivization programs were started in China

24. Review An Analysis of the Chinese student demonstrations in Tiananmen Square in 1989 would show that Communist governments continue to have little control over the actions of their citizens Totalitarian governments frequently survive by the use of force Peaceful demonstrations often succeed in achieving democratic reforms Negative global reaction sometimes leads to economic decline

25. Who’s Afraid of Ai WeiWei? 17:58