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Kingdom Animalia

Kingdom Animalia. Sponges Cnidarians Flatworms Roundworms. Sponges. Assymetrical Freshwater or saltwater Sessile – do not move Filter feeders No Nervous System Multicellular organization (no true tissues yet). Other Sponge Facts:.

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Kingdom Animalia

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  1. Kingdom Animalia Sponges Cnidarians Flatworms Roundworms

  2. Sponges • Assymetrical • Freshwater or saltwater • Sessile – do not move • Filter feeders • No Nervous System • Multicellular organization (no true tissues yet)

  3. Other Sponge Facts: • Sponges can regenerate – replace lost body parts through mitotic cell division. • Economic Importance: • Commercial sponge harvesting for personal care industry.

  4. Sponge Reproduction: • Asexually – fragmentation or budding • Sexually – sponges are hermaphrodites • External fertilization • Internal fertilization - eggs remain inside parent sponge’s body.

  5. Cnidarians – Stinging Animals • Radial Symmetry • Mostly saltwater Corals Jellyfish Sea anemones Hydra

  6. Cnidarian Movement • POLYP is sessile – does not move • MEDUSA is motile – squeezes bell (umbrella) to move • uses simple ring of contractile tissue (not muscle tissue yet)

  7. Feeding • Use tentacles to capture food. • Tentacles have NEMATOCYSTS – stinging cells that grab and immobilize prey using toxins. • Waste products and undigested materials are expelled through the mouth.

  8. Organization • Nerve net – conducts impulses from all parts of the body. • No brain. • Two layers of tissues derived from endoderm and ectoderm

  9. Cnidarian Reproduction • Asexually – budding (polyp form) • Sexually –have separate male and female medusae that produce gametes that join through external fertilization to produce polyps.

  10. Flatworms - Platyhelminthes • Bilateral Symmetry • Free-living in freshwater or parasitic in a host • Has all three layers (endoderm, mesoderm, ectoderm) • Acoelomate – no body cavity.

  11. An Important Group •  Many nasty parasitic infections. Dugesia Tapeworms Flukes

  12. Flatworm Feeding • Free living flatworms are scavengers. • Parasitic flatworms use specialized structures (usually with hooks) to attach to a host.

  13. Respiration & Excretion • Excretion - Flame cells remove excess water • Respiration - Oxygen diffuses into body cells directly.

  14. Flatworm Nervous Systems • First appearance of cephalization. • Primitive brain. • Eyespots

  15. Flatworm Reproduction • Sexually - Hermaphrodites – internal fertilzation. • Asexually – fission – when damaged, regenerates new body parts. • Proglottids – found in tapeworms – each is shed off individually.

  16. Roundworms - Nematoda • Bilateral Symmetry • Free-living in soil or parasitic in a host • Pseudoomate – false body cavity. • Movement - Longitutdinal muscles produce a thrashing movement

  17. Respiration & Excretion • Respiration - Oxygen diffuses into body cells. • Digestive wastes are excreted through the anus. • Flame cells remove excess water through pores in body surface.

  18. Roundworm Feeding • Have a simple digestive system. • Have a mouth and an anus • Parasitic roundworms use specialized structures (usually with hooks) to attach to a host.

  19. An Important Group • Many nasty parasitic infections in humans, livestock • Importance and IMPORTANT AGRICULTURAL PEST • Pinworms, Ascaris, hookworms, Trichinella

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