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Bellringer

Bellringer. SOL Challenge 2 Grab books for your table! Have out your venn diagram BJOTD: What do you call a video of pedestrians?. The Spread of Islam. Agenda. Venn Diagram Quiz/Map Spread of Islam Notes Mini-DBQ Homework: Ch 10.3 Outline and Paper

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Bellringer

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  1. Bellringer • SOL Challenge 2 • Grab books for your table! • Have out your venn diagram • BJOTD: What do you call a video of pedestrians?

  2. The Spread of Islam

  3. Agenda • Venn Diagram • Quiz/Map • Spread of Islam Notes • Mini-DBQ • Homework: Ch 10.3 Outline and Paper • OBJ: SWBAT assess the causes of the Spread of Islam

  4. What happened when Muhammad died? • Muhammad died in 632 • Muhammad never named a successor, so the community had to find someone to take over for him • The people decided to elect a caliph • Caliph: successor

  5. Who led after Muhammad? • “Rightly Guided Caliphs”: • Term refers to the Sunni belief that the caliphs followed Muhammad’s example • Consisted of the first 4 caliphs to lead after Muhammad: • Abu-Bakr, Umar, Uthman, and Ali • Under the leadership of the 4 caliphs, the empire spread to include the cities of Damascus and Jerusalem in Syria, parts of Egypt and North Africa, and parts of the Persian Empire

  6. What happened after the 4 Rightly Guided Caliphs? • Ali’s reign was disputed by Muawiya, the governor of Syria • Ali was assassinated in 661 CE • After Ali’s death: • The Umayyads, a Muslim dynasty, came to power • Islam split into two sects: Sunni and Shi’a

  7. Who are the Sunni? Who are the Shi’a? Sunni Shi’a “party” of Ali Felt that the caliph needed to be related to Muhammad 15% of the world’s Muslims today Located primarily in Iran • “followers of Muhammad's example” • The majority of Muslims who felt that the caliph did NOT need to be related to Muhammad • 85% of the world’s Muslims today • Located in the Middle East, Africa, Europe, Indonesia, and the U.S.

  8. Who were the Umayyads and what happened during their Caliphate? • First Muslim dynasty • Moved the capital city of the empire from Mecca to Damascus, Syria • Focused on gaining wealth through trade and war • Lost the Battle of Tours in France in 732 CE • Background: Muslims had expanded into Europe through Spain • Christians in France led by Charles Martel • Stopped Muslim expansion into Europe

  9. What happened during the Abbasid Caliphate? • Came to power in 750 CE • Moved capital to Baghdad, Iraq • Ruled over the Islamic Golden Age • The Abbasids remain the ruling group in the Muslim Empire until 1258 CE, when the Mongols destroy Baghdad

  10. How did the geography impact the spread of Islam? • Diffusion along trade routes from Mecca to Medina • Expansion despite great distances, desert environments, and mountain barriers • Spread into the Fertile Crescent, Iran, and Central Asia facilitated by weak Byzantine and Persian Empires

  11. How did geography affect the development of Islam? • Political unity of the first Muslim Empire was short-lived • Arabic language spread with Islam and facilitated trade across Islamic lands • Slavery not based on race

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