Climate-adaptive Food Security for Non-emergency Food Aid Beneficiaries

1. Climate-adaptive Food Security for Non-emergency Food Aid Beneficiaries Earl C. Saxon, PhD.Senior Fellow Global Climate Change AED FANTA-2 esaxon@aed.org

2. Climate-adaptive Non-emergency Food Aid 05.09.2011 Who are we? Introductions by organizations, countries and sectors

3. Climate-adaptive Non-emergency Food Aid 05.09.2011 Three Assumptions • First, as proposed by the Human Development Report 2007/2008 (Watkins 2007), the greatest challenge for development assistance in coming decades will be to defend the development achievements of past decades. • Second, increased climate variability and rapid climate change undermines sustainable development, because we cannot know what level of current resource exploitation will compromise the ability of future generations to meet their needs. • Third, climate projections provide sufficient justification to prepare for unprecedented warming, but the magnitude and even the direction of changes in precipitation are unlikely to be well understood before we experience them.

4. Climate-adaptive Non-emergency Food Aid 05.09.2011 Four Principles for Climate-adaptive Activities • An activity has both short term and long term benefits, recognizing that an activity may be self-defeating if it fails under future climate conditions or due to other aspects of global change. • An activity accelerates resolution of non-climate sources of food insecurity to fill current development deficits before they become costly adaptation deficits; • An activity implements solutions that work under a broad range of future scenarios and keep options open, even if that means more investment and fewer immediate benefits; and, • An activity is scalable, self-perpetuating and “soft-fail”. Its success does not depend on substantial and continuous development assistance that may not always be available.

5. Climate-adaptive Non-emergency Food Aid 05.09.2011 Indicative USAID Guidance to PVOs preparing MYAPs USAID Bureau for Democracy, Conflict and Humanitarian AssistanceOffice of Food for Peace Fiscal Year [20xx]: Title II Request for ApplicationsTitle II Non-Emergency Programs Country Specific Guidance Background Goals will be achieved by identifying and implementing climate-adaptive approaches to sustainable food security. Food Security in [Country Name] The long term sustainability of food security in the least food-secure regions of [Country Name] is vulnerable to the impacts of increased climate variability and rapid climate change.

6. Climate-adaptive Non-emergency Food Aid 05.09.2011 Indicative USAID Guidance to PVOs preparing MYAPs USAID / [Country Name] and FFP Programming Priorities Mission and FFP priority objectives and recommended activities for Title II MYAPs are summarized below:  Increase land productivity through improved watersheds • Adapting watershed management to anticipate rapid climate change Improve the resilience of poor communities and households to shocks and natural disasters • Improving resilience to more frequent and more severe shocks due to increased climate variability

7. An example: HARITA Index Insurance for Tigray, Ethiopia

8. Climate-adaptive Non-emergency Food Aid 05.09.2011 Does it have both short term and long term benefits?Does it solve non-climate sources of food insecurity to fill current development deficits?Does it work under a broad range of future scenarios and keep options open?Is it scalable, self-perpetuating and “soft-fail”?

9. Climate-adaptive Non-emergency Food Aid 05.09.2011 What could we do? Break-out groups by countries and/or sectors to assess proposals from • the literature • our experience • brainstorming

10. Climate-adaptive Non-emergency Food Aid 05.09.2011 What could we do? Break-out groups by countries and/or sectors to identify next steps we will take to identify and implement climate-adaptive activities

11. Climate-adaptive Food Security for Non-emergency Food Aid Beneficiaries Earl C. Saxon, PhD.Senior Fellow Global Climate Change AED FANTA-2 esaxon@aed.org