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Communism Spreads in East Asia

Communism Spreads in East Asia. 30.3. China’s Communist Revolution. Communist Revolution in 1949 Mao Zedong – communist forces Won  support from the poor peasants Set up “People’s Republic of China” 1950 – captured Tibet, Dalai Lama forced to flee (religious leader)

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Communism Spreads in East Asia

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  1. Communism Spreads in East Asia 30.3

  2. China’s Communist Revolution • Communist Revolution in 1949 • Mao Zedong – communist forces • Won  support from the poor peasants • Set up “People’s Republic of China” • 1950 – captured Tibet, Dalai Lama forced to flee (religious leader) • Jiang Jieshi (Chaing Kai Shek) – nationalists • Support from the West • Lost  fled to the island of Taiwan

  3. Changing Chinese Society • One-party totalitarian state • Discouraged religion – Buddhism, Confucianism • Govt seized property of citizens (landowners and business owners) • Political opponents beaten, sent to labor camps, or killed • Financial support from Soviets • Forced collectivization (pooling of peasant land and labor)

  4. The Great Leap Forward • Great Leap Forward (1958-1960): urged a huge effort to increase farm and industrial output • Communes (several villages, thousands of acres, 25,000 people)  industrial/agricultural efficiency • Epic Fail! • Cut food output…no incentives for individuals…neglect of farmland and food shortages • Terrible famine • 55 million Chinese starved to death

  5. Cultural Revolution • Cultural Revolution (1966) – purge China of “bourgeois” tendencies (propertied middle class) • Urged young to experience revolution • “little red book” – quotes from Chairman Mao • Red Guards attacked bourgeois • Beaten, killed • Skilled workers and managers forced to leave jobs and do manual labor on farms or labor camps • Schools and factories closed

  6. Playing the “China Card” • Relations between the S.U. and China were tense • U.S. used this tension to drive wedge between the 2 communist govt’s • 1972 – Nixon visited Mao in China • 1979 – US set up diplomatic relations w/ China

  7. Korean War • N. Korea – Communist (backed by SU) • S. Korea – Democratic (backed by US) • Before WW2, NK controlled by Japan • After WW2, US and SU agreed to divide at 38th parallel • Both N and S wanted to rule entire country • June 1950 – NK attacked • US organized UN force to help SK • Pushed back NK all the way to the border w/ China • China worried…sent troops to help NK…forced SK back across 38th parallel • Stalemate – 1953 both signed armistice (agreement to end fighting) • Troops still stationed on either side of DMZ (demilitarized zone)

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