Pregnancy Timeline

1. Pregnancy Timeline By Gianna Calvo

2. Healthcare Provider • Things to consider: • Accessibility of the practice in terms of location and operating hours • The hospital or birthing center at which that provider delivers babies   • The special needs that an individual woman may have, such as the need for a provider who speaks another language or can handle her high-risk conditions • And how to match her care provider choice with her insurance • Types of providers: • Midwives- registered nurse who has additional education and certification in midwifery • Obstetricians- deals with the care of women during pregnancy, childbirth, and the recuperative period following delivery.

3. Pregnancy Symptoms • Spotting- implantation bleeding can occur about six to fourteen days after conception because the zygote has implanted into the uterus wall. • Missed Period- most common symptom • Breast Tenderness- may occur around one to two weeks after conception • Nausea-usually happens between two to eight weeks after conception but not all women have morning sickness • Frequent Urination- occurs around six to eight weeks after conception

4. Warning Signs • Baby kicks less than usual • Severe or persistent abdominal pain or tenderness • Vaginal bleeding or spotting • Increase/ change in vaginal discharge • Pelvic pressure • Painful or burning urination • Severe or persistent vomiting • Chill or fever of 100 degrees • Swelling in the face • Trauma to the abdomen

5. Prenatal Tests • Amniocentesis- can diagnosis down syndrome, Cystic fibrosis, and Spinabifda; tested at 14 to 20 weeks • Chorionic villus- can diagnosis chromosomal disorders, and genetic disorders; tested at 10 to 13 weeks • First trimester screen- can diagnosis chromosomal disorders, can reveal multiple births, and other problems such as heart defects; tested at 11 to 14 weeks • Maternal serum screen- can diagnosis chromosomal disorders, and neural tube defects; tested at 15 to 20 weeks • Nonstress test- can show signs of fetal distress; tested after 28 weeks • Group B streptococcus- looks for bacteria that can cause pneumonia or serious infections; tested at 36 to 37 weeks

6. First Trimester The first trimester is called The State of the Zygote. It begins on day one (day of conception) and goes to fourteen days. This is a critical time the zygote’s development. It starts out when the sperm unites with the egg to fertilize it and create the zygote cell. After about five days from conception the zygote has 500 cells that are dividing rapidly, and then after a few more days it will travel down the fallopian tube and attach to the uterus wall. On the fourteenth day the zygote implants in the lining of the uterus.

7. Second Trimester The second trimester is called The Stage of the Embryo and starts at two weeks from conception and ends at six weeks. During this trimester the zygote becomes an embryo, and the umbilical cord extends from the embryo at the navel and connects to the placenta. The placenta allows nutrients and oxygen from the mother’s bloodstream pass through the umbilical cord to the embryo. The amniotic sac (a fluid-like pouch) cushions the embryo Waste products return to the woman in the same way and is discharged through her body. The CNS, blood vessels, stomach, heat, eyes, lungs, arms, legs, hands, and feet develop.

8. Second Trimester Symptoms (Mother) • Skin • Oily, Dry, Scaly • Stretch marks • Facial skin may darken • Emotions • Mood swings • Feel baby’s movements

9. Third Trimester This trimester is called The Stage of the Fetus and starts six weeks after conception and lasts until birth. Organs develop for blood circulation, breathing, and digestion. The heart starts to pump blood through the veins and arteries and the nerves and muscles develop. The brain also develops rapidly. During the third month the nostrils, mouth, lips, teeth buds, and eyelids develop. The ability to suck, swallow, and hiccup occurs in the fourth month along with hair and facial features being noticeable. The lungs practice breathing movements in preparation for its first breaths. The fetus grows larger in weight and length until ready to be born.

10. Third Trimester Symptoms (Mother) • Abdomen enlarges • Fatigue • Baby moves a lot • Discomforts • Heartburn • Shortness of breath • Heart palpitations • Leg cramps • Round ligament pain • Pressure on bladder • Kicking • Difficulty breathing • Fatigue

11. One Month Two Months This starts on the day of conception. The zygote will implant into the uterus wall. Then it will become an embryo. The embryo is about half of an inch and the heart begins to beat as well as the head, mouth, liver, and intestines start to develop. The first month of pregnancy is in the First and Second Trimester. The second month is in the Second and Third Trimester. The embryo is surrounded by the amniotic sac. During this time the embryo has grown to an inch and has webbed fingers. Veins have become visible and the heart divides into the left and right chamber. Also the placenta is nourishing the baby and vital organs have developed. Common discomforts like breast tenderness, fatigue, frequent urination, heartburn, nausea, and vomiting usually get worse. A woman’s body produces extra blood during pregnancy, and her heart beats faster and harder than usual to carry the extra blood.

12. Three Months Four Months The embryo is now called at fetus and is in the Third Trimester of development during this time. The fetus is able to swallow and kick. All organs and muscles have formed and begin to function, and the nails on fingers and toes start to develop. The arms, legs, and feet are fully developed during this time period. The mother’s symptoms will worsen. The fetus is between six to seven inches long and is covered in thick hair called lanugo. The baby will start kicking and the heartbeat will be able to clearly be heard. Also the outline of the face shows. The month is in the Third Trimester. Nausea is usually reduced. The women may feel faint or dizzy at times due to the change in the blood vessels.

13. Five Months Six Months The fetus will begin to sucking his or her thumb and be between nine to twelve inches long as well as weigh almost a pound. The skull bones are being developed. Women usually feel fetal movements for the first time during the fifth month. The pregnancy symptoms of the fourth month continue this month. Heartburn, constipation, breast changes, dizziness, shortness of breath, nosebleeds, and gum bleeding are common. Tiny eyebrows and eyelids are visible and the baby can hear. The lungs are filled with amniotic fluid and he or she will practice breathing movements. The fingerprints are formed in this month. The symptoms from the fifth month continue.

14. Seven Months Eight Months The fetus weighs about three and a half pounds and is about fourteen to sixteen inches long. The baby may turn toward light. The uterus expands and the women may experience back pain. The dizziness may reduce during this time. The fetus will start to gain half a pound per week and will go head-down in preparation for birth. The baby now weighs between four to six pounds during this stage of development. Past symptoms may continue and stretch marks can become visible.

15. Nine Months Ten Months The fetus weighs between six to nine pounds and is between nineteen and twenty-two inches long. The lungs are developed and the baby “drops” in preparation for birth. Fatigue, trouble sleeping, trouble holding urine, shortness of breath, varicose veins, and stretch markshappen to the mother during this time. This time period is the thirty-seventh week to the fortieth week. The fetus has a firm grip and the mother will give birth during this time. Almost all of the lanugo are gone. It is common for newborns to have some lanugo that disappears over the first few months of life. The cervix will begin to dilate to prepare for delivery. This may happen a few weeks before delivery, or it might start when a woman goes into labor.

16. References "Choosing a Health Care Provider." Choosing a Health Care Provider. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Nov. 2013. http://www.babyyourbaby.org/pregnancy/before-pregnancy/choosing-a-health-care-provider.php "Pregnancy Symptoms — Early Signs of Pregnancy." American Pregnancy Association. N.p., n.d. Web. 22 Nov. 2013. http://americanpregnancy.org/gettingpregnant/earlypregnancysymptoms.html "Pregnancy Symptoms You Should Never Ignore." BabyCenter. N.p., n.d. Web. 26 Nov. 2013. http://www.babycenter.com/signs-of-a-pregnancy-problem "Prenatal Care and Tests." Womenshealth.gov. N.p., n.d. Web. 26 Nov. 2013. http://www.womenshealth.gov/pregnancy/you-are-pregnant/prenatal-care-tests.html "The Different Types of Health Care Providers." Childbirth Connection: Information for Women on Pregnancy & Childbirth. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Nov. 2013. http://www.childbirthconnection.org/article.asp?ck=10481