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Options for controlling PM emissions

Options for controlling PM emissions. Methodology. Typical categories of measures used Emission control efficiencies are specific for size classes (fine/coarse/PM>10 m) Base year controls included (crucial for PM)

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Options for controlling PM emissions

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  1. Options for controlling PM emissions

  2. Methodology • Typical categories of measures used • Emission control efficiencies are specific for size classes (fine/coarse/PM>10m) • Base year controls included (crucial for PM) • Limited applicability of measures considered (because of fugitive emissions, vintage limitations, other)

  3. Control optionsStationary combustion sources

  4. Control options Mobile sources (I)

  5. Control options Mobile sources (II)

  6. Control options Various sources - not enough data • The model structure allows for options but not enough data to implement them for: • Material handling • Resuspension • Agriculture • Shipping • Two-stroke gasoline engines

  7. Synergistic effects with other emission control measures • Flue gas desulphurization -----> NO • EURO I-IV packages -------------> YES • Biofiltration (animal houses) --> YES

  8. Data sourcesReduction efficiencies • Stationary combustion and industrial processes • UBA (1989, 1999), US EPA (1995), VDI (1994), Luetzke (1982), Karvosenoja (2000), Rentz et al. (1996) • Mobile sources • AUTO OIL, Kleeman and Cass (2000), CONCAWE, Mayer (1998), APEG (1999)

  9. Conclusions/ Summary • The model includes most important PM measures • Parameters of techniques verified with literature sources • Emissions extremely sensitive to efficiency estimates • ‘Real life’ efficiency even more uncertain for industrial processes and transport categories • Country specific parameters very important • More information needed on currently ‘uncontrolled’ sectors • If other characteristic of PM emissions (e.g., number, chemical composition) to be considered, more work needed

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