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Foot and Mouth Disease

Foot and Mouth Disease. Dr. Jim Donahue USDA, APHIS. Wisconsin Biosecurity Workgroup.

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Foot and Mouth Disease

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  1. Foot and Mouth Disease Dr. Jim Donahue USDA, APHIS

  2. Wisconsin Biosecurity Workgroup The information in this presentation was developed through a coordinated project of University of Wisconsin-Extension, Cooperative Extension; Department of Agriculture, Trade and Consumer Protection, Division of Animal Health; University of Wisconsin-Madison – College of Agricultural and Life Sciences and School of Veterinary Medicine; and U.S. Department of Agriculture, APHIS, Veterinary Services.

  3. Foot and Mouth Disease Features of the Disease • highly contagious • affects cloven-hoofed animals Clinical signs • high morbidity, low mortality in adults • may see high mortality in young • vesicles/erosions in mouth, nose, feet, etc.

  4. Foot and Mouth Disease Federal Program • Kill infected and exposed animals • Burn or bury dead animals • Quarantine farm and area • No vaccinations • Restricted animal movement • Limited human movement

  5. FMD etiology • Picornavirus • 7 serotypes, 60+ subtypes • Most contagious agent known in human or veterinary medicine

  6. FMD etiology Virus remains viable • 14 days - dry fecal matter • 39 days - urine • 28 days - soil surface in fall • 3 days - soil surface in summer • 6 months - slurry in winter

  7. FMD transmission • Pigs - amplifying hosts • Cattle - indicator hosts • Sheep - maintenance hosts • Persistent carriers are cattle, pigs, sheep

  8. FMD transmission • Direct contact • Wind-borne transmission - 10-250 km • Aerosols from milk tanks • Animal products • uncooked, salted, cured meats • unpasteurized milk, other dairy products • green salted hides • semen and embryos

  9. Clinical signs in cattle • Incubation 2-10 days • Fever • Excessive salivation • Vesicles • Lameness • Milk production drops • Differentials: VS, BT, BVD, IBR, MD

  10. Clinical signs in swine • Fever • Vesicles • Lameness, recumbent • Slough claws

  11. Clinical signs in sheep • Fever • Vesicles, maybe • Lameness • “Iceberg infection”

  12. Restrictions on animals and animal products Increased surveillance Updating emergency response Awareness activities continuing education web site: www.aphis.usda.gov/oa/fmd traveler’s hotline: 1-866-SAFGUARD industry technical information at 1-800-601-9327 Preventing FMD in the U.S.

  13. Preventing FMD in Wisconsin • FAD investigations and testing • Promote biosecurity • Accelerated emergency response plan • Establish liaisons • (state, federal, academic, extension, professional organizations)

  14. Biosecurity recommendations Generally applicable to herd health • Visitors from FMD countries should avoid farms for at least one week. • Reduce exposure from contaminated items, such as clothes, shoes, equipment • Remove all organic material • Use disposable boots or disinfectants on footwear • Avoid contact with animal production areas

  15. What if ….?

  16. Emergency response • National • Regional • State • Local

  17. Wisconsin Biosecurity Workgroup University of Wisconsin-Extension University of Wisconsin-Madison CALS/Veterinary Medicine University of Wisconsin-River Falls Department of Agriculture, Trade and Consumer Protection U.S. Department of Agriculture, APHIS, Veterinary Services.

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