Common Motivation Theories

1. Common Motivation Theories How do you get others to accomplish the organization’s mission & goals?

2. Networking Clock Activity • Complete Motivational Theory Charts with appointments from clock. • Set appointments for: • 9 am • 10 am • 11 am • 1 pm • 2 pm • 3 pm • 4 pm • Meet with your appointment, exchange information

3. Consider the theories – answer these questions • Which theory do you like best and why? • What are the common methods of motivation used to move employees toward common goals. • Based upon what you have learned so far, what would you do to motivate employees in your company? • Staple clock to research information sheet and submit to in box

4. Common Motivation Theories How do you get others to accomplish the organization’s mission & goals?

5. Theory X – Sigmund Freud • Assumes that people: • Are lazy • Hate work and avoid it • Have no ambition or initiative • Avoid responsibility • Only want security • Muse be rewarded, coerced, intimidated, and punished

6. Theory X – Sigmund Freud • Assumes that managers must: • Give rewards or punishments to get others to work • Constantly police their staff because they do not trust them to work on their own • Intimidate others with authority

7. Theory X – Sigmund Freud • The work climate is: • Frustrating to both workers and managers • Oppressive and harsh • Divisive (managers vs. employees) • Not productive • Not a creative • Not personally fulfilling to employees

8. Theory Y – Douglas McGregor • Assumes that people: • Want to learn • View work as natural as play • Develop self-discipline • Want personal growth and development • Want freedom to do challenging work • Rise-up and lead amongst themselves

9. Theory Y – Douglas McGregor • Assumes that managers must: • Fit the human wish for self-development into the organizations need for maximum productive efficiency. • Allow employee imagination to drive productivity • Carefully select employees to form a like minded group • Share the power with employees

10. Theory Y – Douglas McGregor • The work climate is: • Positive in nature • One that supports innovation and new ideas that meet the company goals • Cooperative and group oriented • productive • creative • Personally fulfilling to employees • Shared leadership

11. Theory Z – Abraham Maslow • Assumes that people: • All people are inherently good (at least at birth – it can be lost) • People need meaning and significance in their work • Man’s behavior is dominated by constant unsatisfied needs • Man’s highest needs are self-actualization – focusing on problems external to themselves.

12. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

13. Theory Z – Abraham Maslow • Assumes that managers must: • Provide for basic needs – proper monetary compensation and benefits to take care of the physiological and safety needs • Create a team/group atmosphere where everyone feels accepted and welcomed at their place of work • Recognize high performing employees and include them in decision making on large company goals and projects • Provide opportunities for creativity, innovation, and problem-solving for employees.

14. Theory Z – Abraham Maslow • The work climate is: • Harmonious and supportive • Workers give effort and thought into their jobs • Participative • Group or “team” oriented • Inclusive in decision-making • Provides choice to workers to meet their personal growth needs. • Focus on the customer or community – bigger than themselves

15. Hygiene Factors(needed to ensure that an employee does not become dissatisfied) Working Conditions Quality of Supervision Salary Status Safety Company Job Company policies and administration Interpersonal relations Motivation Factors(needed to motivate an employee to higher performance – intrinsic or internal motivation) Achievement Recognition for achievement Responsibility for Task Interesting Job Advancement to higher level tasks Growth Two Factor Theory – HerzbergThe Factors

16. Two Factor Theory - Herzberg

17. Key for Two Factor Theory Managers • Job enlargement – adding to assignments or giving more responsibility. • Job rotation – move employees to different areas of the company so employees are cross-trained. • Job enrichment – provide professional learning opportunities for employee growth and development

18. Assignment – Answer the Questions • How does understanding motivational theories help you understand how to get others to accomplish the organization’s mission & goals? • Write an example of a situation/scenario in business when Theory X is the best motivational style to use, Theory Y is the best is the best motivational style to use, AND Theory Z is the best is the best motivational style to use.